THEOSOPHY, Vol. 15, No. 8, June, 1927
(Pages 353-360; Size: 25K)
(Number 17 of a 59-part series)
ANCIENT LANDMARKS
XVII
THE GODS OF EGYPT

EVERY cosmogony purports to deal with the origin of the universe, its manifestation marking the beginning of time. Before the beginning, however, time was -- it pre-existed as timelessness or duration. So the "beginning" is the first moment of a definite period of time, or a cycle. And what produces the cycle? The action of beings, whose field is limitless Space. The cycles of the Egyptians extended over millions of years. "Millions of years" was the epithet applied to the Sun-god Amen-Ra, "who maketh decrees for millions of double millions of years." Vastness, profundity, boundlessness, "all-existence," immortality and infinite possibility meet us at the very outset of Egyptian thought.

Never was time when the germs of things were not, but there were cycles when they had slept for ages upon ages in the bosom of Nu -- "Nu, of the dark waters." Nu was the incomprehensible source of all things -- Chaos or Space. In a Hymn to Hapi, the Nile-god, whose origin was traced back to Nu, the latter is set forth as being that "which cannot be sculptured in stone ... It cannot be seen. Service cannot be rendered to It. Gifts cannot be presented to It. It is not to be approached in the sanctuaries. Where it is, is not known. No habitation can contain It." Within Nu was the One ever-concealed, Mon (Monad?) or Amen -- the origin undoubtedly of our word "Amen," which is not "Verily" as the translators would have it, but rather an affirmation of the omnipresent One Life or Deity. In the Book of the Dead, "Chaos ceases, through the effulgence of the Ray of Primordial light dissipating total darkness by the help of the great magic power of the WORD of the (Central) Sun." Chaos becomes Father-Mother, the "dark waters" incubated through Light, in other words Spirit acting in matter. (Secret Doctrine, I, 231).

All action, even of the highest Deity, is necessarily a limitation, a circumscribing or drawing around of some portion of the eternal spirit-substance for the purpose of manifestation. What is this "drawing around" but a circle or egg, the primal form of all things from atoms to universes? Mathematically expressed this egg is the nought (zero) which contains the potentiality of all forms. In this "egg" the One becomes the Dual Force, the secondary aspect of the One, or Amen-Ra the generator. All the Egyptians' gods become dual -- positive and negative "forces" necessary both for the maintenance of equilibrium and the production of life. Hence Amen-Ra was Neith (or Nuit, the feminine of Nu considered in its positive aspect) in his other half. He was the Spiritual Sun, the "Sun of Righteousness," whose son is the Sun. For "When the One becomes two, the three-fold appears."

Nu in late times, says Budge, was regarded as "Father of the Gods." "A something in the water, which formed an essential part of it, felt the desire to create." Let us connote here that "Desire first arose in IT, which was the primal germ of mind." "Having imagined in itself the forms of the beings and things that it intended to create, it became operative, and the first creature produced was the god Tem or Khepera, who was the personification of the creative power in the primeval water. .... Tem fashioned the form of everything in his mind and made known his desire to create to his heart, which was personified as Thoth. This god received the creative impulse and invented in his mind a name for the object that was to be created, and when he uttered the name, the object came into being."(1)

Now Tem (Tum or Toum) is the Fohat of the Secret Doctrine. Fohat is said to be "....that potential creative power in virtue of whose action the NOUMENON of all future phenomena divides, so to speak, but to reunite in a mystic supersensuous act, and emit the creative ray. When the 'Divine Son' breaks forth, then Fohat becomes the propelling force, the active Power which causes the ONE to become TWO and THREE -- on the Cosmic plane of manifestation." (S.D., I, 109). So we find that Tem emanates from his own body Shu and Tefnut, the two Lion-gods, the three forming the first triad, Tem saying: "From [being] god one, I became three."

So fundamental was this trinitarian concept in the Egyptian teaching that there is an almost endless number of triads, each district and city having its special triad. While not all consist of Father-Mother-Son, this combination was the most common and the origin of the Christian Holy Family. In fact, three aspects are essential in every act of creation or thought. For example, let us try to recollect something we have forgotten -- arouse the sleeping "germs" of thought, which is analogous to the "desire" present before the evolution of a world. The former ideas, memories, or forms are "asleep" in the empty egg of the mind, but by brooding over them, by trying to bring them back to mind, we move upon the "dark waters" within, until finally in a flash the latent forms wake up, and then we see what before was not in manifestation. Yet, even in this simple illustration is much of mystery. If we could observe the entire process with our physical eyes, if it could be demonstrated to us as creative processes were demonstrated in the Mysteries, we would comprehend far better than if we were told. However, these mysteries never were told. Hence all these personifications were for the easier comprehension of people, who knowing the relations between persons, could by analogy apply similar relations and correlations to "powers" and elements. It is for us to revitalize these ancient dramatis personae and recognize in them not merely personifications employed ages ago in Egypt, but as living forces in ourselves.

The triad which the French Egyptologist Champollion said was the starting-point of Egyptian mythology included Kneph, Neith and Ptah. Herodotus said that Menes erected a temple to Ptah in Memphis. Kneph, called "the Eternal Unrevealed," was nevertheless represented by a snake, emblem of eternity, encircling a water-urn, his head containing the "Concealed Breath" hovering over the water. This again is the "water" of Nu, the prototype of that element which is essential to the germination and growth of all living things.

Neith was the Virgin-Mother, "anterior to all the gods, without form or sex, who gave birth to itself and without fecundation." An ancient stele declares her to be Neut, "the luminous, who has engendered the gods." For the primordial substance is luminous -- the garment of light covering the darkness. So Neith of Sais was a weaver and made the universe of warp and woof as a mother weaves her children's garments. In the Stanzas of Dzyan, "Father-Mother spin a web whose upper end is fastened to Spirit, the light of the one Darkness, and the lower one to Matter ...; and this web is the Universe spun out of the two substances made in one, which is Swabhavat." (S.D., I, 83). And we, too, having the same power to think and act, weave the web of our own world which often becomes an inscrutable net of fate instead of a vesture of light. Being connected with water, Neith was found on the prow of Egyptian vessels. Another form of her name is Naus (Latin navis, boat), hence the boat became a symbol of the container or vehicle of the sun. Neith is found in the oldest period at Abydos, to which Mariette Bey assigns the date of 7000 B.C. Neith and Isis are interchangeable and we may find a hint as to the mission of Madame Blavatsky in the title of her first great work, "Isis Un-veiled," by referring to the famous inscription in the temple of Neith at Sais: "I am all that has been, and is, and shall be, and my peplum no mortal has withdrawn." Although a rent in the veil that conceals the arcane truths of the ancient Wisdom-Religion was made, mortal eyes are so blinded by false ideas, prejudice and selfishness, that they cannot see through it nor accept the ideas presented.

Ptah, the product of spirit and matter, was called the Wisdom of the First Intellect, the manifested Mahat or Universal Mind. In another aspect he, too, is Swabhavat, as indicated by a passage in the Book of the Dead where homage is paid to him in these words: "Thou art without father, being engendered by thy Will, Thou art without mother, being born by the renewal of thine own substance from whom proceeds substance." He is usually represented as making men on a potter's wheel, for he was the "generator of all men produced from his substance." He was also called "the Blacksmith God of Thebes," identified by the Greeks with Vulcan. He, together with Khnoum or Khnemu (who is sometimes substituted for Kneph), carried out the commands of Thot concerning the creation of the universe, Ptah's special task being the creation of the eggs of the sun and the moon. Ptah, or Osiris-Ptah, is Ra, the manifested sun, or more properly its Regent.

From earliest times the great cosmopolitan center of Anu (or Annu) the On of the Bible and the Heliopolis of the Greeks -- the City of the Sun -- was the seat of the worship of Tem. Another form of the solar-god, according to Budge, was worshipped in Lower Egypt, known as Ra, whose name does not seem to be Egyptian and whose origin is unknown -- it may be Asiatic. (!!) In Anu was the famous Well of the Sun, from which tradition declares that the Virgin Mary drew water when the Holy Family halted in the city. Fortunately for the story this well had its source in the inexhaustible waters of Nu, otherwise it might have dried up during the thirty odd centuries before the Christian era and we might have considered it a well of wisdom of which the youthful Jesus partook. This well was the property of the priests of Ra, who became so rich and powerful from the tribute received from grateful travellers for the watering of their beasts, that they were able by the VIth dynasty to elevate Ra to the position of over-lord of all the other gods and from that time Tem, Khepera, Horus became Ra-Tem, Ra-Khepera, Ra-Herakhuti (Horus of the two horizons) and so on. Maspero claims that the complex beings (?) resulting from these combinations never attained to any pronounced individuality, the distinctions referring merely to details of their functions and attributes.

During the many centuries of Egyptian history many teachers must have come from time to time, their presentations of the Wisdom-Religion differing according to the period, the need and the nature of the Egos whom they taught. That the Heliopolitan system was distinct from that of Amen at Thebes, that the priests of Hermopolis held to their particular form of doctrine, and those of Osiris to theirs, and that all as cults differed from one another and from Atenism is evident; nevertheless Ptah of Memphis, Ra of Heliopolis, Amen of Thebes, and Osiris of Abydos, in certain of their aspects -- and in all when considered as septenary, and esoterically understood -- are one and the same. Consequently wherever their fusion occurs it apparently was an attempt at unity of systems tending toward unity of thought and understanding among a cosmopolitan people rather than an effort to establish monotheism, as many Christian scholars would fain prove.

Maspero says that the sun appearing before the world was called Tumu (Tem) or Atum, while our earthly sun was Khepera. The similarity between the word "Atum" and "Atma," the Spirit, is too striking to require comment. Atum, according to this author, was also the prototype of man, (Coptic TME, man) becoming a perfect "Tum" after his resurrection; that is, Perfected Man. There were several traditions as to how Atum became Ra, but according to the most generally accepted, Atum had suddenly cried across the water, "Come unto me"! and immediately the mysterious lotus had unfolded its petals, and Ra appeared at the edge of its open cup as a disk, a new-born child, or a disk-crowned sparrow-hawk. The Egyptians called the first day of the year, Come-unto-me.

In Chapter XVII of the Book of the Dead, the opening passage reads: "I am Tem in rising. I am the only One. I came into being in Nu. I am Ra who rose in the beginning... The pillars of Shu were not as yet created. It is Ra, the creator of the names of his limbs, which came into being in the form of the gods, who are in the train of Ra" (i.e., the gods who personify his phases) -- fourteen Spirits, seven dark and seven light... "I am the Bennu bird (the Phoenix, type of resurrection) which is in Anu, and I am the keeper of the volume of the book of things which are and of things which shall be." In the eternity of his being occur vast cycles of activity followed by equal periods of rest: "Millions of years" is the name of the one, "Great Green Lake" is the name of the other, the "Lake" representing the cycle in which are swallowed up all things produced by "The Begetter of millions of years." In Chapter XLII he "who dwelleth in his eye" is beaming in "the solar egg, the egg to which is given life among the gods." In Chapter XV he is "Yesterday," "Today," and "Tomorrow," the one "who reposeth upon law which changeth not nor can it be altered." In Chapter LXXV he is the self-created god: "I gave birth unto myself together with Nu in my name of Khepera, in whom I come into being day by day. I am the creator of the darkness who maketh his habitation in the uttermost parts of the sky ... and I arrive at the confines thereof. I sail over the sky which formeth the division betwixt heaven and earth... None sees my nest, none can break my egg."

In these extracts are all the fundamental teachings of Theosophy: Space, the One Life, the Self-existing Deity, Law, Cycles, Reincarnation, Being, and a hint of the septenary nature of cosmos.

In a Hymn to the Setting Sun, the deceased says: "Praise be unto thee, O Ra, praise be unto thee, O Tem." Chapter LXXIX reads: "I am the god Tem, the maker of heaven, the creator of things which are, who cometh forth from the earth, who maketh to come into being the seed which shall be, who gave birth to the gods; [I am] the great god who made himself, the lord of life, who maketh to flourish the company of the gods." Tem, as already said, is Fohat, whose influence on the Cosmic plane "is present in the constructive power that carries out, in the formation of things -- from the planetary system down to the glowworm and simple daisy -- the plan in the mind of nature, or in the Divine Thought, with regard to the development and growth of that special thing." (S.D., I, 111). He is "the north wind and the spirit of the west;" as "the setting sun of life" he is the vital electric force that leaves the body at death, wherefore the defunct begs that Toum should give him the breath from his right nostril (positive electricity) that he might live in his second form. Both the hieroglyphic(2) and the text of Chapter LXII show the identity of Toum with Fohat. The former represents a man standing erect with the hieroglyph of the breaths in his hands. The latter says: "I open to the chief of An... I am Toum. I cross the water spilt by Thot-Hapi, the lord of the horizon, and am the divider of the earth." (Fohat divides Space and, with his Sons, the earth into seven zones) ... "I cross the heavens, and am the two Lions. I am Ra, I am Aam, I ate my heir.... I am Toum, to whom eternity is accorded...." (S.D., I, 674).

The above metaphor expresses the succession of divine functions, the substitution from one form into another, or the correlation of forces. Aam is the electro-positive force, devouring all others as Saturn devoured his progeny. The Egyptians used the forcible expression to eat where we would use the word absorb, or assimilate. The Rev. James Baikie, writing for the National Geographic, Sept., 1913, quotes one of the Pyramid Texts which to him reveals an "almost savage set of religious conceptions," contrasting strangely with their high civilization. The deceased is ascending to heaven as a fierce huntsman who lassoes the stars and devours the gods. "The great ones among them are his morning meal, the middle ones are his evening meal, and the small ones his night meal.... Their magic is in his body; he swallows the understanding of every god." The last sentence contains the explanation of the Text. It is difficult to understand why a Christian who eats the body of Christ and drinks his blood, should consider the ancient Egyptians as more "cannibalistic" than himself!

Amen, whose name means "concealed," was regarded as an ancient nature-god in the Vth dynasty, says Budge; esoterically he is All-Nature, therefore the universe, and the "Lord of Eternity." Later his worship was established at Thebes, where his sanctuary seems to have absorbed the shrine of the ancient goddess Apit, from whom T-Ape (Coptic) the city derived its name. It was far later that Thebes was known as the City of Amen -- Nut Amen, the No Amon of the Bible (Nahum iii, 8). The worship of Amen was carried into Nubia and the Soudan by the Pharaohs of the XIIth dynasty; in the name of Amen the Hyksos had been expelled from the country, so that in the course of time Amen became known as the god of successful warriors. The booty obtained from many campaigns was shared with the priests of Amen who became exceedingly rich and powerful and, little by little, Amen absorbed the titles and attributes of the other gods. While the priests of Amen worshipped Amen, or Amen-Ra, as the Spiritual Sun, the masses of people adored Ra, the visible luminary of the heavens.

An interesting passage from the Papyrus of Nesi-Khonsu, a Priestess of Amen-Ra, written about 1000 B.C., proves that this order considered the visible sun, the Disk, merely as a focus or "substitute" for the Central Sun, as Theosophy teaches. The apostrophe to Amen-Ra reads: "This holy god, the lord of all the gods, Amen-Ra.... the holy soul who came into being in the beginning; the great god who liveth by Maat (order and regularity); the first divine matter which gave birth unto subsequent matter! the being through whom every other god hath existence; the One One ...; the being whose births are hidden, whose evolutions are manifold, and whose growths are unknown;... the divine form who dwelleth in the forms of all the gods, the Lion-god with awesome eye;... the god Nu, the prince who advanceth at his hour to vivify that which cometh forth upon his potter's wheel;... the traverser of eternity ... with myriads of pairs of eyes and numberless pairs of ears, whose light is the guide of the god of millions of years;... whose substitute is the divine Disk."

Connected with this very distinction is an important epoch in Egyptian history. Amenhotep IV, according to Pro. Breasted, believing in only one god, whom he called Aten, the Disk, attempted to destroy the old gods of Egypt, and introduce monotheism. He particularly hated Amen, closed the temples, cast out the priests, had the names of the gods cut out of the inscriptions, and changed his own name containing Amen to Akhen-aten, meaning "Aten is satisfied." He abandoned Thebes and built a new capital at Amarna where he devoted himself to art and religion. He is represented as receiving the light and heat of Aten through the Heavenly Father's Hands -- the sun's rays terminating in hands. A few years ago hundreds of clay tablets in the Babylonian cuneiform were dug up at Amarna, which reveal that the dependencies of Egypt were gradually throwing off her yoke, dissatisfaction among both priests and soldiers was fomenting trouble, all of which led to Egypt's loss of prestige and power. So the "monotheism" which Akhen-aten tried to introduce died with him. That his reform was aimed in part at a corrupt priesthood is undoubtedly true, but to suppose that, "In all the progress of men which we have followed through thousands of years, no one had ever before caught such a vision of the Great Father of all" is a gross misconception. Budge states that the old Heliopolitan system made Tem or Tem-Ra the creator of Aten, the Disk; but this view Amenhotep IV rejected, asserting that the Disk was self-created and self-existent. Since from the esoteric and philosophical point of view, this was the substitution of a material and personal god for the ever-concealed Deity, or Amen, Akhenaten could not have received the backing of the Hierophants, and being himself a pacifist, Egypt suffered greatly as a result of his reign. In the conflict waged around this Pharaoh some Egyptologists have attempted to prove that his monotheism was not new; but no amount of mere scholarship can adequately deal with the situation; nor until authors rid themselves of the idea of the superiority of monotheism, with its Christian implication of a personal God, over all other forms of belief, will they ever judge aright.

Tutankhamen, whose tomb was discovered in 1922 by the late Lord Carnarvon, married Akhenaten's daughter. When he came to the throne he professed the same religion as his father-in-law; but soon realizing the failure of Atenism, substituted the name of Amen in his wife's and in his own name, which had originally been Tutankhaten. The honor accorded to this now famous Pharaoh by the Egyptians rests upon the fact that he restored the national worship of Amen, rehabilitated the decaying temples and reestablished the priesthood of Amen-Ra. The priests of Amen gradually lost this temporarily restored power, as they had already lost their spiritual power, and the people brought their rule to an end about 700 B.C.

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COMPILER'S NOTE: The following is a separate item which followed the above article but was on the same page. I felt it was useful to include it here:
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LIGHT AND DARKNESS

According to the tenets of Eastern Occultism, DARKNESS is the one true actuality, the basis and the root of light, without which the latter could never manifest itself, nor even exist. Light is matter, and DARKNESS pure Spirit. Darkness, in its radical, metaphysical basis, is subjective and absolute light; while the latter in all its seeming effulgence and glory, is merely a mass of shadows, as it can never be eternal, and is simply an illusion, or Maya.--S.D. I, p. 70.

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Next Article:
ANCIENT LANDMARKS
EGYPTIAN SYMBOLISM AND ANIMAL WORSHIP
(Part 18 of a 59-part series)

Back to the
"Ancient Landmarks"
series complete list of articles.

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TWO (2) FOOTNOTES LISTED BELOW:
(1) Tutankhamen, Amenism, Atenism, and Egyptian Monotheism, p. 142.
Back to text.

(2) In Budge's edition these hieroglyphs are attached to Chaps. liv and lvii.
Back to text.

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This is a very interesting and misleading sentence.

"Egyptologists have attempted to prove that his monotheism was not new; but no amount of mere scholarship can adequately deal with the situation; nor until authors rid themselves of the idea of the superiority of monotheism, with its Christian implication of a personal God, over all other forms of belief, will they ever judge aright. "

Monotheism, with the "Christian" idea of a "personal" God, is far superior, more accurate, and more spiritually satisfying than polytheism. It is the highest concept of God to ever appear on Earth. A personal infinite creator God who cares for and is open to direct communication with even the lowest mortal being.
When you once start out to find God, that is the conclusive proof that God has already found you.

Said Jesus: "If you truly want to find God, that desire is in itself evidence that you have already found him. Your trouble is not that you cannot find God, for the Father has already found you; your trouble is simply that you do not know God.

Since the disappearance of Melchizedek in the flesh, no human being up to that time had possessed such an amazingly clear concept of the revealed religion of Salem as Akhenaten. In some respects this young Egyptian king is one of the most remarkable persons in human history. During this time of increasing spiritual depression in Mesopotamia, he kept alive the doctrine of El Elyon, the One God, in Egypt, thus maintaining the philosophic monotheistic channel which was vital to the religious background of the then future bestowal of Jesus.

Never in all history did any king so methodically proceed to swing a whole nation from polytheism to monotheism as did this extraordinary Akhenaten. With the most amazing determination this young ruler broke with the past, changed his name, abandoned his capital, built an entirely new city, and created a new art and literature for a whole people. But he went too fast; he built too much, more than could stand when he had gone. Again, he failed to provide for the material stability and prosperity of his people, all of which reacted unfavorably against his religious teachings when the subsequent floods of adversity and oppression swept over the Egyptians.

Had this man of amazingly clear vision and extraordinary singleness of purpose had the political sagacity of Moses, he would have changed the whole history of the evolution of religion and the revelation of truth in the Occidental world. During his lifetime he was able to curb the activities of the priests, whom he generally discredited, but they maintained their cults in secret and sprang into action as soon as the young king passed from power; and they were not slow to connect all of Egypt's subsequent troubles with the establishment of monotheism during his reign.

Akhenaten was wise enough to maintain the outward worship of Aten, the sun-god, while he led his associates in the disguised worship of the One God, creator of Aten and supreme Father of all. This young teacher-king was a prolific writer, being author of the exposition entitled "The One God," a book of thirty-one chapters, which the priests, when returned to power, utterly destroyed. Akhenaten also wrote one hundred and thirty-seven hymns, twelve of which are now preserved in the Old Testament Book of Psalms, credited to Hebrew authorship.

There are many gods/goddess that are personifications of things like destiny, could these be the Four Fates of Greek mythology? The more you look at them, and the better the listing, the more similarities begin to pop out at me. An interesting note on Nun- He is listed as the God of Primal Ocean by this wiccan book. Sometimes I tend to think it's more accurate than Budge's description. Sometimes Essoteric means can put a new perspective on things. Take for instance the first list, a goddes named Heqet- she is listed there as the Frog Goddess but the essoteric books says Goddess of Childbirth and Protection which is not only accurate but another version and more in depth than just Frog Goddess. And Hu- God of Spoken Word is listed as the God of Taste instead. There are differences as well as similarities.
Well, that's enough for tonight. Enjoy!

quote:

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Thoth Mystery School

The Mystery of Hermes Trismegistus, the "three-times great", was described by Greek and Roman mystics in documents loosely attributed to the Egyptian God Thoth.

Thoth, or Tehuti, (his Atlantean name) was the scribe of the Gods, the inventor of writing, and was usually depicted in hieroglyphics with the head of an Ibis bird.

One tradition holds that Thoth was the architect of the Great Pyramids of Giza. It is said that below the Giza plateau lies a network of tunnels containing the real history of Egypt, including the mystical history of the temple initiates. The central truth of these records is permanently inscribed on Emerald Tablets that have yet to be discovered.

They remain buried in the area of the Sphinx. Yet they are seen by the eye of the initiates ­ the Light Travelers, as an open portal to the ancient truth.

AS IS ABOVE, SO IS BELOW - 'X'
This saying, attributed to Thoth as being the most fundamental truth of our conscious minds, is the basis of the outer Hermetic teaching. The idea is that the world is a mirror of heaven ­ a reflection. The divine patterns found here are a reflection of those in the worlds above. Everything that is understandable here has meaning because it¹s pattern is represented in the divine. That's the inner foundation of language and writing in the purely symbolic sense.

That is just what Thoth created ­ an inner connection between the divine light patterns and the outer forms it takes. This conscious connection doesn't come easily, in fact it must be accompanied by skills for accepting deep abstraction. We may call it a "new idea" or "concept", but it¹s the ability to visualize patterns in the light and realize the meaning in life. We take for granted how much of this ability we have inherited from the ancient past.

Mystically, Thoth realized the great 'Scroll of Light', and began to inscribe upon it the glyphs of his world - his language of truth. So powerful was the resonance of this language that it could be understood by those who heard him speak, and stood in his presence.

Thoth could draw pictures of these ideas so clearly that they brought up expansive images in the minds of his comrades ­ they could "read" these pictures as reminders of what he had said to them. They were learning to travel in his space of truth, learning his "language" defined by his work as a mystic light traveler. The same is true today. We call it memory. It is a shared experience of inner light.

On the plane of light the mnemonic glyphs of language appear as standing resonators of meaning. By traveling through these energetic monoliths you come to know the meaning of language and it's purpose in the history of consciousness. This constellation of micro-portals dots the dimensional landscape like the scroll of a player piano ­ the scroll of Thoth. As you travel along the surface you re-play the information that is stored in the Halls of Amenti. There you find the emerald tablet of Hermes Trismegistus. It is cut from pure Beryl stone of radiant mind-glass.

If you find this stone, and decipher it,
you will see that it is a map of the
hallways underneath the Earth.
The hallways branch in every direction,
but twelve are the most prominent.
Is it said that if you follow each hallway
to its end, you will find another emerald tablet,
making thirteen in all.
Decipher all the tablets,
learn the lessons they contain,
and Thoth will personally appear to greet you!

maat.html">Ma'at and Thoth!
Two teachers from the heart of Atlantis.

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The Rosetta Stone, a black basalt slab bearing an inscription that was the key to the deciphering of Egyptian hieroglyphics and thus to the foundation of modern Egyptology. It was unearthed in July 1799 by Napoleon's army in Rosetta (Rashid), Egypt.

Its measurements are - 3ft 9in, long and 2ft. 41/2 in wide - (114x72x28cm).

The immediate importance of the Rosetta Stone lay in the fact that the Egyptian hieroglyphic text was accompanied by the Greek translation which could be read. A third inscription on the stone was written in Demotic, a cursive script developed late in Egyptian history and used almost exclusively for secular documents. Thus the stone displayed the same text in three scripts, but only two languages, Egyptian and Greek.

It was quickly discovered that all three contained the same message. The Greek could be translated immediately, so providing clues to the others.

The Rosetta stone is dated to March 196 BC, in the 9th year of Ptolemy V. The background to the setting up of the stela was the confirmation of the control of the Ptolemaic kings over Egypt.

The Ptolemies were Greeks who had been ruling Egypt since the fragmentation of the Empire of Alexander the Great, and while they built temples in the Egyptian style, their lifestyle and language remained exclusively Greek. Egypt had by now become a multi-cultural society, a mixture of Greek and Egyptian, although in many parts of the country the two rarely met.

In the years preceding the setting up of the Rosetta Stone, control of certain parts of Egypt had been lost to the family of the Ptolemies, and it had taken the Ptolemaic armies some time to put down opposition in the Delta; parts of southern Upper Egypt, particularly Thebes, were not yet back in the control of the government. It appears that it was decided that the best way to emphasise the legitimacy of the 13 year old Ptolemy V in the eyes of the Egyptian elite was to re-emphasise his traditional royal credentials with a coronation ceremony in the city of Memphis, and to affirm his royal cult throughout Egypt. This second aim was done through a series of priestly decrees, of which the Rosetta Stone is by far the best-known example. It is a version of the decree issued at the city of Memphis; others include the Canopus decree in the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.

The inscription begins with praise of Ptolemy, and then includes an account of the siege of the city of Lycopolis (a town in the Delta, not identified with certainty), and the good deeds done by the king for the temples. The final part of the text describes the decree's overriding purpose, the establishment of the cult of the king. For example, it stipulates how the priests shall maintain the cult of the king ('...the priests shall pay homage three times a day...'), how the king's shrine is to be set up ('...there shall be set upon the shrine the ten gold crowns of the king...'), and days when certain festivals, such as the king's birthday, shall be celebrated. It ends by saying that it is to be made known that all the men of Egypt should magnify and honour Ptolemy V, and that the text should be set up in hard stone in the three scripts which it still bears today.

The Egyptians had used hieroglyphic script for nearly 3,500 years, from 3100 BC until the end of the fourth century AD. At about the turn of the third century AD the Egyptians began to write their languages in a script composed of the Greek alphabet, to which were added seven characters derived ultimately from hieroglyphs. In this form the languages came to be known as Coptic, no doubt a corruption of the Greek word Aiguptios. Knowledge of how to read and write the hieroglyphic script was probably lost soon after it had been superseded and no key to its meaning was found until the discovery of the Rosetta Stone.

The deciphering began with the work of the British physicist Thomas Young. He showed that both the demotic and hieroglyphic writing contained both alphabetic and symbolic elementswhich were closely related.

In 1822 - French Egyptologist Jean François Champollion (1790-1832) - in 1822 - with the aid of the Coptic language (language of the Christian descendants of the ancient Egyptians) - succeeded in realizing the phonetic value of the hieroglyphs. This proved the fact that hieroglyphs do not have only symbolic meaning, but that they also served as a "spoken language".

Originally the stone was 'souvenired' by one of Napoleon's troops during one of their rampages across Europe. It was passed down through generations of the soldier's family as 'one of great grandads nick-nacks'.

Eventually, it was sold in a junk market, where it was spotted by an Oxford professor of Egyptology who was holidaying in France. He recognized some of the inscriptions on the stone tablet, but not all of them. He showed it to some of his colleagues upon his return, who could recognise some more of the inscriptions, however none could decipher it all.

The Stone remained in the college for many more years until an under graduate student started to examine it, and came to the stunning realisation that the stone contained the same passage written three times in three different languages.

It was an ancient "Code Book".

It is presently in the British Museum, in London.
http://crystalinks.com/rosetta.html

This is the Great Temple of Abu Simbel. The temple was cut into rock in the 13th century B.C. by the famous pharaoh Ramses II in honour of himself and the triad Amon-Ra, Ptah and Ra-Harakhte. Together with a smaller temple dedicated to Ramses' wife Nefertari and the goddess Hathor, it lay strategically in a bend of the river Nile overlooking the plains to the south as an impressive monument of Egypt's might. As such it must have served to impress people coming from the south, possibly to scare anyone thinking of invading the land of Egypt. The temple's strategical position proved unfortunate for its placement right at the bank of the Nile, because the building of a new dam in the Nile in the 1960s caused the water to rise to its feet, and threatened to eventually drown the great monument. During a great international rescue campaign headed by UNESCO between 1963 and 1967 the temple was moved to a higher and safe location.

The front of the temple is dominated by four gigantic statues of the great pharaoh himself. The colossi of the king, wearing the characteristic nemes headcloth and double crown (of upper and lower Egypt), are each 20 metres high, while the facade is more than 35 metres wide and 30 metres high. The king is accompanied by some of his wives, sons and daughters who appear in much smaller size beside his legs. Right above the entrance stands a figure of the god Re-Harakhte in a small niche. The top of the facade is crowned by a row of baboons.

The central entrance leads into a large hall with massive pillars fronted by Osiris figures of the king. The temple's orientation is arranged in such a way that twice every year on 22 February and 22 October the earliest sun-rays shine on the back wall of the innermost chamber, thus illuminating the statues of the four gods seated there.

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THE TEMPLE OF LUXOR

The modern town of Luxor is the site of the famous city of Thebes, (Waset in ancient Egyptian) the city of a hundred gates. It was the capital of Egypt from the 12th dynasty (1991 BC) and reached its zenith during the New Kingdom. It was from here that Thutmose III planned his campaigns, Akenaten first contemplated the nature of god and Rameses II set out his ambitious building program. Only Memphis could compare in size and wealth, but Memphis was pillaged of its masonry to build new cities and little remains. Although the mud brick palaces of Thebes have disappeared the stone built temples have survived.

This temple has been in almost continuos use as a place of worship right up to the present day. It was completed by Tutankhamun and Horemheb and added to by Ramses II. Towards the rear is a granite shrine dedicated to Alexander the Great.

During the Christian era the temple's hypostyle hall was converted into a Christian church, and the remains of another Coptic church can be seen to the west.

Then for thousands of years, the temple was buried beneath the streets and houses of the town of Luxor. Eventually the mosque of Sufi Shaykh Yusuf Abu al-Hajjaj was built over it. This mosque was preserved when the temple was uncovered and forms an integral part of the site today.

Many festivals were celebrated in Thebes. The Temple of Luxor was the center of the most important one, the festival of Opet. Built largely by Amenhotep III and Ramesses II, it appears that the temple's purpose was for a suitable setting for the rituals of the festival.

The festival itself was to reconcile the human aspect of the ruler with the divine office. During the 18th Dynasty the festival lasted eleven days, but had grown to twenty-seven days by the reign of Ramesses III in the 20th Dynasty. At that time the festival included the distribution of over 11,000 loaves of bread, 85 cakes and 385 jars of beer.

The procession of images of the current royal family began at Karnak and ended at the temple of Luxor. By the late 18th Dynasty the journey was being made by barge, on the Nile River. Each god or goddess was carried in a separate barge that was towed by smaller boats.

Large crowds consisting of soldiers, dancers, musicians and high ranking officials accompanied the barge by walking along the banks of the river. During the festival the people were allowed to ask favors of the statues of the kings or to the images of the gods that were on the barges. Once at the temple, the king and his priests entered the back chambers.

There, the king and his ka (the divine essence of each king, created at his birth) were merged, the king being transformed into a divine being. The crowd outside, anxiously awaiting the transformed king, would cheer wildly at his re-emergence. This solidified the ritual and made the king a god.

The festival was the backbone of the pharaoh's government. In this way could a usurper or one not of the same bloodline become ruler over Egypt.

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THE TEMPLE OF DEIR EL BAHARI

The mortuary temple of Queen Hatshepsut is one of the most dramatically situated in the world. The queen's architect, Senenmut, designed it and set it at the head of a valley overshadowed by the Peak of the Thebes, the "Lover of Silence," where lived the goddess who presided over the necropolis.

A tree lined avenue of sphinxes led up to the temple, and ramps led from terrace to terrace. The porticoes on the lowest terrace are out of proportion and coloring with the rest of the building. They were restored in 1906 to protect the celebrated reliefs depicting the transport of obelisks by barge to Karnak and the miraculous birth of Queen Hatshepsut.

Reliefs on the south side of the middle terrace show the queen's expedition by way of the Red Sea to Punt, the land of incense. Along the front of the upper terrace, a line of large, gently smiling Osirid statues of the queen looked out over the valley. In the shade of the colonnade behind, brightly painted reliefs decorated the walls.

Throughout the temple, statues and sphinxes of the queen proliferated. Many of them have been reconstructed, with patience and ingenuity, from the thousands of smashed fragments found by the excavators; some are now in the Cairo Museum, and others the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

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THE TEMPLE OF HORUS AT EDFU

THE TEMPLE OF HATHOR

THE TEMPLE OF NARMUTHIS

Located at Fayoum, Narmuthis is so vast it is not completely excavated. Built by Amenemhet III the temple is dedicated to the gods Sobek, Ernutet and Horus. Guarded by sphinxes and lions, the temple's interior walls are covered with hieroglyphics and reliefs of Amenemhet III and Amenemhet IV. From an archeology viewpoint, this is considered to be the most interesting site in Faiyum.

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THE TEMPLE OF RAMSES II

Ramesses II built the fabulous mortuary temple on the site of Seti I's ruined temple.

This great temple reportedly rivaled the wonders of the temple at Abu Simbel.

However, Ramesses built the temple too close to the Nile and the flood waters took their toll. Only a single colonnade remains of the First Courtyard. In frontof the ruins is the base of the colossus of Ramesses that once stood 17m high. The statue would have weighed more than 1,000 tons. The statue fell into the Second Court and the head and torso remain there, but the other broken pieces are in museums all over the world. The ceiling in the Astronomical Room is still intact with the illustration of the oldest known 12 month calendar.

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THE TEMPLE OF RAMSES III

The entire Temple of Ramesses III, palace and town is enclosed within a defensive wall. Entry is through the Highgate, or Migdol, which, in appearance resembles an Asiatic fort. Just inside the Highgate, to the south, are the chapels of Amenirdis I, Shepenwepet II and Nitoket, wives of the god Amun. To the north side is the chapel of Amun. These chapels were a later addition dating to the 18th Dynasties, by Hatsepsut and Tutmose II. Later renovations were done by the Ptolemaic kings of the XXV Dynasty.

To the west is the temple proper, which was styled after the Ramesseum. On the north wall of the temple are reliefs depicting the victory of Ramesses with the Sardinians, Cretans, Philistines and the Danu. This was perhaps the greatest victory in ancient Egypt. Pharaoh watched as the invaders crossed the plains, destroying everything in their path. The multitude came with oxen-drawn wagons, laden down with all of their possessions, their families and their newly discovered iron weapons. No tribe or settlement was able to survive their passing. The horde came over the land and the sea heading straight for Egypt.

Rameses gathered together his army and defeated the land invaders. He then proceeded to the shore to meet the ships. Ramesses archers released their arrows against the landing ships. (The Egyptians's had an advantage over the enemy; the Egyptian's ships had both sails and oars, while the invader's had only the sail.) The Egyptian army then rowed out to sea and overturned the invaders' ship, drowning all that survived the archers' attack.

These are the only know reliefs of a sea battle in Egypt. The Egyptians were excellent accountants and counted everything that was taken from the enemy and all that were slain. The reliefs show the bookkeepers counting the spoils. Entering through the massive Pylon (27m high and 65m long) is the First Court where athletic sporting events, such as wrestling, were held. Reliefs on the south wall are of Ramesses' victory over the Libyans and the Window of Appearances is on the west wall, flanked by eight columns. Behind this lies the audience hall with the kings' shower room nearby. The stone tank is still intact. On the east side are seven Osiride pillars.

The Second Court, accessed via ramp up and through the Pylon, is made up of eight Osiride pillars and six columns. Of the scenes in the Second Court are the Feast of Sokar and the lower part of the back wall being dedicated to Ramesses children. Of interest in the entrance at the right end of the hall is a relief of Ramesses kneeling on the symbol of Upper and Lower Egypt and a defaced scene of Ramesses before Seth, with the Pharaoh changed into Horus. The Hypostyle Hall through the west entrance was badly damaged in 27 B.C. by an earthquake. Originally, The Hall would have opened into many rooms but none remain due to the earthquake.

Close to the temple is the remains of a Nilometer. These 'flood warnings' were positioned strategically along the river to determine the position of the river every year. Not only did these register the height of the river, but also determined the amount of silt that was being deposited. With this information, the governors could, in advance, determine which crop would thrive and thus base the tax levy.

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PROVERBS FROM TEMPLES

The kingdom of heaven is within you; and whosoever shall know himself shall find it.

The best and shortest road towards knowledge of truth [is] Nature.

For every joy there is a price to be paid.

If his heart rules him, his conscience will soon take the place of the rod.

What you are doing does not matter so much as what you are learning from doing it. · It is better not to know and to know that one does not know ,than presumptuously to attribute some random meaning to symbols.

If you search for the laws of harmony, you will find knowledge.

If you are searching for a Neter, observe Nature!

Exuberance is a good stimulus towards action, but the inner light grows in silence and concentration.

Not the greatest Master can go even one step for his disciple; in himself he must experience each stage of developing consciousness. Therefore he will know nothing for which he is not ripe.

The body is the house of God. That is why it is said, "Man know thyself."

True teaching is not an accumulation of knowledge; it is an awakening of consciousness which goes through successive stages.

The man who knows how to lead one of his brothers towards what he has known may one day be saved by that very brother.

People bring about their own undoing through their tongues.

If one tries to navigate unknown waters one runs the risk of shipwreck. Leave him in error who loves his error.

Every man is rich in excuses to safeguard his prejudices, his instincts, and his opinions.

To know means to record in one's memory; but to understand means to blend with the thing and to assimilate it oneself.

There are two kinds of error: blind credulity and piecemeal criticism.

Never believe a word without putting its truth to the test; discernment does not grow in laziness; and this faculty of discernment is indispensable to the Seeker. Sound skepticism is the necessary condition for good discernment; but piecemeal criticism is an error.

Love is one thing, knowledge is another.

True sages are those who give what they have, without meanness and without secret!

An answer brings no illumination unless the question has matured to a point where it gives rise to this answer which thus becomes its fruit.

Therefore learn how to put a question.

What reveals itself to me ceases to be mysterious‹for me alone: if I unveil it to anyone else, he hears mere words which betray the living sense: Profanation, but never revelation.

The first concerning the 'secrets': all cognition comes from inside; we are therefore initiated only by ourselves, but the Master gives the keys.

The second concerning the 'way': the seeker has need of a Master to guide him and lift him up when he falls, to lead him back to the right way when he strays.

Understanding develops by degrees.

As to deserving, know that the gift of Heaven is free; this gift of Knowledge is so great that no effort whatever could hope to 'deserve' it.

If the Master teaches what is error, the disciple's submission is slavery; if he teaches truth, this submission is ennoblement.

There grows no wheat where there is no grain.

The only thing that is humiliating is helplessness.

An answer if profitable in proportion to the intensity of the quest.

Listen to your conviction, even if they seem absurd to your reason.

Know the world in yourself. Never look for yourself in the world, for this would be to project your illusion.

To teach one must know the nature of those whom one is teaching. In every vital activity it is the path that matters.

The way of knowledge is narrow.

Each truth you learn will be, for you, as new as if it had never been written.

The only active force that arises out of possession is fear of losing the object of possession.

If you defy an enemy by doubting his courage you double it.

The nut doesn't reveal the tree it contains. For knowledge ... you should know that peace is an indispensable condition of getting it.

The first thing necessary in teaching is a master; the second is a pupil capable of carrying on the tradition.

Peace is the fruit of activity, not of sleep.

Envious greed must govern to possess and ambition must possess to govern.

When the governing class isn't chosen for quality it is chosen for material wealth: this always means decadence, the lowest stage a society can reach.

Two tendencies govern human choice and effort, the search after quantity and the search after quality. They classify mankind. Some follow Maat, others seek the way of animal instinct.

Qualities of a moral order are measured by deeds.

One foot isn't enough to walk with.

Our senses serve to affirm, not to know.

We mustn't confuse mastery with mimicry, knowledge with superstitious ignorance.

Physical consciousness is indispensable for the achievement of knowledge.

A man can't be judge of his neighbor's intelligence. His own vital experience is never his neighbor's.

No discussion can throw light if it wanders from the real point.

Your body is the temple of knowledge.

Experience will show you, a Master can only point the way.

A house has the character of the man who lives in it.

All organs work together in the functioning of the whole.

A man's heart is his own Neter.

A pupil may show you by his own efforts how much he deserves to learn from you.

Routine and prejudice distort vision. Each man thinks his own horizon is the limit of the world.

You will free yourself when you learn to be neutral and follow the instructions of your heart without letting things perturb you. This is the way of Maat.

Judge by cause, not by effect.

Growth in consciousness doesn't depend on the will of the intellect or its possibilities but on the intensity of the inner urge.

Every man must act in the rhythm of his time ... such is wisdom.

Men need images. Lacking them they invent idols. Better then to found the images on realities that lead the true seeker to the source. Maat, who links universal to terrestrial, the divine with the human is incomprehensible to the cerebral intelligence.

Have the wisdom to abandon the values of a time that has passed and pick out the constituents of the future. An environment must be suited to the age and men to their environment.

Everyone finds himself in the world where he belongs. The essential thing is to have a fixed point from which to check its reality now and then. Always watch and follow nature.

A phenomenon always arises from the interaction of complementaries. If you want something look for the complement that will elicit it. Set causes Horus. Horus redeems Set.

All seed answer light, but the color is different. The plant reveals what is in the seed.

Popular beliefs on essential matters must be examined in order to discover the original thought.

It is the passive resistance from the helm that steers the boat. The key to all problems is the problem of consciousness.

Man must learn to increase his sense of responsibility and of the fact that everything he does will have its consequences.

If you would build something solid, don't work with wind: always look for a fixed point, something you know that is stable ... yourself.

If you would know yourself, take yourself as starting point and go back to its source; your beginning will disclose your end.

Images are nearer reality than cold definitions. Seek peacefully, you will find.

Organization is impossible unless those who know the laws of harmony lay the foundation.

It is no use whatever preaching Wisdom to men: you must inject it into their blood.

Knowledge is consciousness of reality. Reality is the sum of the laws that govern nature and of the causes from which they flow.

Social good is what brings peace to family and society.

Knowledge is not necessarily wisdom.

By knowing one reaches belief. By doing one gains conviction. When you know, dare.

Altruism is the mark of a superior being.

All is within yourself. Know your most inward self and look for what corresponds with it in nature.

The seed cannot sprout upwards without simultaneously sending roots into the ground.

The seed includes all the possibilities of the tree. ... The seed will develop these possibilities, however, only if it receives corresponding energies from the sky.

Grain must return to the earth, die, and decompose for new growth to begin.

By PAUL GARWOOD, Associated Press Writer

CAIRO, Egypt - Egypt's antiquities chief on Thursday revealed a 2,500-year-old hidden tomb under the shadow of one of Giza's three giant pyramids, containing 400 pinkie-finger-sized statues and six coffin-sized niches carved into granite rock.

Greek Gods

A
Aceso (Akeso) The goddess of curing illness and healing wounds.
Acheloides (Akheloides) The naiad daughters of the river Achelous who attended on the god in his river-bed palace.
Achelous (Akheloios) A river of Aetolia and its god. He wrestled Heracles for the hand of Deianeira but lost the contest and with it his horn.
Acheron (Akheron) The underworld river of pain and its god.
Achlys (Akhlys) The ugly hag who personified misery.
Achos (Akhos) The female personification of distress.
Acis (Akis) A boy loved by the Nereid Galatea who was crushed beneath a rock by the jealous Cyclops Polyphemus and on his death transformed into a Sicilian River-God.
Acmon (1) (Akmon) One of the Dactyls.
Acmon (2) (Akmon) One of the monkey-like Cercopes.
Acraea (Akraia) A naiad daughter of the river Asterion. With her sisters Euboea and Prosymna she nursed Hera as a child.
Acratopotes (Akratopotes) The daemon of wine-drinking and protector of those drinking wine.
Acratus (Akratos) A daimon attendant of the god Apollon.
Acte (Akte) The ninth of the twelve Horai (Hours), she was the goddess of one of the afternoon hours.
Adephagia The goddess of gluttony.
Adicia (Adikia) The female personification of injustice.
Adrasteia One of the nurses of Zeus in Crete.
Aea (Aia) A Nymph loved by the Colchian river-god Phasis.
Aeacus (Aiakos) One of the three Judges of the Underworld. He was a king of Aigina appointed to this position after death.
Aegaeon (1) (Aigaion) An ancient Sea-God and ally of the Titans.
Aegaeon (2) (Aigaion) One of the Gigantes.
Aegaeus (Aigaios) A river of Scheria (island of the Phaeacians) and its god.
Aegeirus (Aigeros) The Hamadryad nymph of the poplar tree.
Aegina (Aigina) A naiad daughter of the river Asopus. She was loved by Zeus who carried her off to the island of Aegina. When her father pursued them Zeus struck him with a thunderbolt.
Aegipan (Aigipan) The fish-goat god. When Typhon attacked Olympus Aegipan suggested the gods flee to Egypt and hide there in the form of animals. In this exodus he took the form of a goat with the tail of a fish. Later he helped to free the captured Zeus and was placed amongst the stars as the constellation Capricorn.
Aegle (Aigle) Goddess of the splendour of good health.
Aello One of the Harpies.
Aeolus (Aiolos) God of the winds. Aeolus kept the violent storm winds locked inside the floating island of Aeolia releasing them at the request of the gods.
Aether (Aither) The personification of the bright upper air (the shining blue of the sky).
Aetna (Aitna) One of the Ourea (Mountain-gods), Aetna was the goddess of the Sicilian volcano.
Aex A daughter of Helios. Her face was so bright the Titanes ordered Gaia to hide her beneath the earth.
Aganippe A naiad daughter of the river Termessus. She was the nymph of a sacred spring of the Muses whose waters had the power of inspiration.
Agathoi Daemones (Daimones Agathoi) The good spirits who protected and bestowed their blessings on mankind.
Agdistis A creature born when Zeus accidentally impregnated the Earth in his sleep. It was born with both male and female genitals which so alarmed the gods they castrated it. Agdistis became a goddess in the retinue of Cybele (Rhea).
Aglaea (Aglaia) Goddess of beauty and one of the three Charites. She was married to Hephaestus after his divorce from Aphrodite.
Agon The male personification of contest.
Agrius (1) (Agrios) One of the Gigantes. He was clubbed to death by the Moirae in the Giant-War.
Agrius (2) (Agrios) One of a pair of man-eating Thracian giants who were half man, half bear.
Aidos The female personification of modesty. She and Nemesis were the last of the good spirits to depart from the earth in the final and most corrupted age of mankind.
Alala The female personification of the war-cry.
Alastor A daemon who inflicted vengeance upon children for the sins of their fathers.
Alatheia The goddess of truth.
Alcon (Alkon) One of the Cabeiri.
Alcyone (Alkyone) One of the Pleiades. She was loved by Poseidon.
Alcyoneus (Alkyoneus) The strongest of the Gigantes. He was immortal but only within the boundaries of his homeland Pallene. In the Giant War Heracles shot him and dragged him away from his home to die.
Alcyonides (Alkyonides) Seven nymph daughters of the giant Alcyoneus who leapt into the sea after their father's death and were transformed into kingfishers.
Alecto (Alekto) One of the three Erinyes.
Alexiares An immortal son of Heracles and Hebe, he was the demi-god who wards off war.
Alexiroe (Alexirhoe) A naiad daughter of the river Grenicus of Troy.
Algea The female personifications of sorrow.
Aloadae (Aloadai) Two gigantic sons of Poseidon who tried to storm the heavens by piling mountains one upon the other. They were slain by Apollon and Artemis.
Alpus (Alpos) A monstrous Sicilian giant slain by Dionysos.
Alpheius (Alpheios) A river of Elis and its god. He fell in love with the nymph Arethusa and pursued her all the way to the island Ortygia. Artemis then transformed her into a spring to escape him but Alpheius guided his stream under the sea to Sicily so he could forever mingle his waters with hers.
Alseides Dryad-nymphs of the groves.
Amachania (Amakhania) The female personification of helplessness.
Amaltheia Amaltheia was the she-goat nurse of the infant Zeus. She was placed amongst the stars as the constellation Capra and her horn transformed into the cornucopia (horn of plenty).
Amnisiades The Naiad daughters of the river Amnisus. They were attendants of Artemis who were responsible for the care of her sacred golden-horned deer.
Amnisus (Amnisos) A river of Crete and its god.
Ampelus (Ampelos) The satyr loved by Dionysus in his youth. He was killed by a wild bull and transformed by the god into the very first grape-vine.
Amphiaraus A hero swallowed alive by the earth and transformed into an oracular daemon.
Amphilogiae (Amphilogiai) The personifications of disputes.
Amphitrite One of the Nereids. She was the wife of Poseidon and goddess of the sea.
Amymone The Naiad of an Argive spring and daughter of the River-god Inachus.
Anaideia The female personification of ruthlessness.
Ananke The primeval goddess of necessity whose serpentine tail was perpetually entwined with that of her consort Chronus, the god of time.
Anatole The second of the twelve Horai (Hours), she was the goddess of the hour of dawn.
Anchiale (Ankhiale) The Titan-goddess of drawing heat and igniting fire. She was the wife of Hecaterus, the Titan-god of the hands and the mother of the metal-working Dactyls (the Fingers).
Anchinoe (Ankhinoe) An Egyptian Naiad.
Anchiroe (1) (Ankhiroe) A Naiad daughter of the Libyan river Chrementes.
Anchiroe (2) (Ankhiroe) A Naiad daughter of the river Erasinus who with her sisters was an attendant of Britomartis.
Androctasiae (Androktasiai) The personifications of manslaughters.
Anemoi (1) The gods of the North, South, East & West winds named Boreas, Notus, Eurus and Zephyrus. They dwelt together either in a cave in Thrace or at the four corners of the earth.
Anemoi (2) The Storm-Wind demons, sons of the monster Typhon. They were kept locked up in the floating island by Aeolia by Aeolus who released them at the request of the gods to wreak their havoc.
Angelia The goddess of messages.
Ania The female personification of trouble.
Anicetus (Aniketos) An immortal son of Heracles and Hebe, he was the demi-god of being unconquerable.
Anigrides Naiad daughters of the river Angrus. They had a sacred grotto at the mouth of their father's river where those afflicted with skin diseases sought a cure.
Anigrus (Anigros) A river of Elis and its god.
Anippe A Naiad daughter of the River Nile loved by Poseidon.
Antaeus (Antaios) A Libyan giant who drew his strength directly from the Earth. He wrestled travellers passing through his homeland and lined the roof of the temple of his father Poseidon with their skulls. He was slain by Heracles.
Anteros The god of unrequited love. He was one of the Erotes and was armed with arrows of lead.
Antheia The goddess of flowers and floral wreaths, Antheia was one of the attendants of Aphrodite.
Antiphates King of the Laestrygones, a tribe of man-eating giants encountered by Odysseus on his travels.
Anytus (Anytos) A Titan who reared Despoena the daughter of Demeter and Poseidon.
Apate The female personification of deceit.
Apeliotes The demi-god of the East Wind.
Aphrodite Goddess of love and beauty, Aphrodite was one of the twelve Olympian gods. She was said to have been born from the castrated members of Uranus which Cronus cast into the sea.
Apollo (Apollon) The god of prophecy, music and healing and one of the twelve great Olympian gods. His arrows brought plague to men. See also Loves & Family of Apollon; Cult of Apollon.
Apotheothenai Men and women who were granted immortality and eternal life amongst the gods.
Arae (Arai) The female personifications of curses. They were invoked in the spells of witches.
Arce (Arke) A sister of Iris. She was the messanger-goddess of the Titans who was stripped of her wings and cast into Tartarus by Zeus.
Ares The god of war and one of the twelve great Olympian gods.
Arete The goddesss of virtue and excellence.
Arethusa (Arethousa) The Naiad of a Sicilian spring. She was pursued all the way to the island from Greece by the River-God Alpheus.
Arges One of the three ancient Cyclops.
Argus Panoptes (Argos Panoptes) A strange man-like creature whose body was covered from head to toe with eyes. He was set by Hera to watch over Zeus' love the cow-shaped Io, but was slain by Hermes.
Argyra A Sea Nymph loved by the hero Selemnus.
Ariadne A princess of Crete. She helped Theseus defeat the Minotaur. Dionysos abducted her on the island of Naxos and made her his immortal wife on Olympus.
Arimaspoi A one-eyed Scythian tribe who battled the eagle-lion Griffins for their mountain caches of gold.
Arion (Areion) An immortal horse famed for its swiftnes. It was the offspring of Demeter and Poseidon, who raped her in the form of a horse. Arion was owned by Heracles who gave it as a gift to the hero Adrastus.
Aristaeus (Aristaios) A rustic god of bee-keeping, cheese-making, olive-growing and hunting. He was born mortal but joined the retinue of Dionysos as a god.
Artemis The goddess of hunting, wild animals, and protectress of young children. Her arrows were said to bring sudden death to the young. She was one of the twelve great Olympian gods. See also Cult of Artemis.
Asbeton The Daemon 'Charr' who plagued the craftsman potter.
Ascalaphus (Askalaphos) An underworld god who looked after the orchards of Hades. He was the one who told Hades that Persephone had eaten the seeds of the pomegranate and for this Demeter buried him beneath a rock. When Heracles freed him Demeter transformed him into an owl.
Ascanius (Askanios) A River of Mysia and its god.
Asclepius (Asklepios) God of medicine. He was trained by Chiron as a physician and became so skilled in the art that he could bring the dead back to life. Zeus struck him dead with a thunderbolt for his arrogance but Apollon carried him out of Haides and made him a god on Olympos. See also Cult of Asclepius.
Asia / Hesione One of the Oceanides and the wife of Prometheus. She crafted the first men out of clay with her husband. Asia gave her name to the continent.
Asopis A Naiad daughter of the river Asopus.
Asopus (Asopos) A river of Boeotia and Argos and its god. He had twenty beautiful daughters, most of whom were carried off by the gods. Asopus pursued Zeus when he abducted Aegina but was driven back by the god's thunderbolts.
Asteria A Titaness and the mother of Hecate. She was pursued by Zeus but changed herself first into a quail, cast herself from heaven into the sea and metamorphosed (permanently) into the island of Delos.
Asterion A river of Mycenae and its god.
Asterope An Oceanid loved by Zeus.
Astra Planetoi The gods of the Wandering Stars or Planets. The foremost of these were Hesperus (Venus) and Pyroeis (Mars).
Astraea (Astraia) The younger Titan-goddess of justice. Astraea left the earth at the end of the Golden Age and entered the heavens as the constellation Virgo.
Astraeus (Astraios) The younger Titan-god of astronomy and astrology. He was the father of the Winds and the Stars.
Astris A daughter of Helios and the wife of the Indian River-God Hydaspes.
Astrothesiai The immortal spirits of the heavenly constellations. Most were mortals granted a place of honour in the heavens.
Astyoche (Astyokhe) A Naiad daughter of the Trojan river Simoeis. She married a king of Troy.
Ate The personification of error, delusion, ruin and blind folly. She led both the gods and men to rash and inconsiderate actions. Zeus threw her physically out of heaven.
Athena (Athene) Goddess of war and crafts who sprung fully grown and armed from the head of Zeus. She was one of the twelve great Olympian gods. See also Cult of Athena.
Atlanteia A dryad loved by the Egyptian king Danaus.
Atlantes The inhabitants of the lost continent of Atlantis.
Atlas The younger Titan-god of daring spirit. He led the Titan-army in the war against the gods and as punishment was made to bear the heavens upon his shoulders.
Atropus (Atropos) One of the three Fates.
Attis An immortal eunuch attendant of the goddess Rhea-Cybele and the master of her lion-drawn chariot. Attis castrated himself out of love for the goddess and was rewarded by spending eternity in her service.
Auge The first of the twelve Horai (Hours), she was the goddess of the hour of first light.
Auloniades Dryad-nymphs of the glens.
Aura The younger Titan-goddess of the breeze. She was raped by Dionysos.
Aurai Goddesses of the breezes.
Automatoi Statues of animals and men crafted by the divine smith Hephaistos out of metal and endowed with self-animated life.
Auxo / Auxesia The Hora of Summer and goddess of plant growth.
Axius (Axios) A river of Paeonia and its god.
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Balanis The Hamadryad nymph of the oak-nut tree.
Balius (Balios) An immortal horse. He was given to Peleus as a wedding present by the gods.
Bendis The wild Thracian moon-goddess who was worshipped with wild orgies.
Benthesicyme (Benthesikyme) A sea-nymph daughter of Poseidon. She married an Ethiopian King.
Beroe Goddess of the city of Beruit. Poseidon and Dionysos battled each other in a contest for her hand in marriage.
Bia The goddess of force. She sided with Zeus in the Titan-War and became one of his chief attendants.
Bolbe Goddess of the Boetian lake Bolbe.
Bolina A maiden who fled from Apollon and leapt into the sea. She was transformed by the god into an immortal daimona.
Bomos The male personification of shamefastness or shamelessness.
Bootes The agricultural god of ploughing.
Boreas The purple-haired and winged god of the North-Wind. He was also od of winter who brought he snows with his chill breath.
Briareus (Briareos) One of the Hecatoncheires. He dwelt in the sea and married a giant daughter of Poseidon. When the gods rebelled against Zeus, Briareus came to his aid.
Britomartis A Cretan goddess of the nets and companion of Artemis. She was pursued by Minos king of Crete, but leapt into the sea to escape him and was apotheosized into a goddess by Artemis.
Brizo A oracular goddess of the island of Delos who presided over the maritime pursuits of fishing and navigation.
Brontes One of the three ancient Cyclops.
Byblis A princess of Karia transformed into a Hamadryad Nymph by the Hamadryades.
Byze A Naiad daughter of the river Erasinus. With her sisters she was an attendant of Britomartis.

C
Cabeiri (Kabeiroi) The gods forged agricultural implements and patron gods of the Cabeirian Mysteries of Samothrace (an agricultural cult connected with Demeter).
Cabeiriae (Kabeiriai) Nymphs of the sacred Cabeirian Mysteries of Samothrace.
Cabeiro (Kabeiro) A sea nymph who was loved by Hephaestos.
Cacia (Kakia) The female personification of vice.
Cacodaemones (Kakodaimones) The harmful (or evil) spirits which plagued mankind. They were released accidentally by Pandora from her box.
Cacus (Kakos) A fire-breathing Italian giant slain by Heracles.
Cadmilus (Kadmilos) One of the Cabeiri.
Caecius (Kaikias) The demi-god of the North-East Wind.
Caerus (Kairos) The god of opportunity.
Caicus (Kaikos) A river of Teuthrania and its god.
Caliadne (Kaliadne) An Egyptian Naiad.
Calocagathia (Kalokagathia) The female personofication of nobility.
Calligeneia (Kalligeneia) The nurse of Persephone and a goddess of the Eleusinian Mysteries.
Calliope (Kalliope) The eldest of the Muses. She was muse of epic poetry.
Callirhoe (1) (Kallirhoe) An Oceanid wife of the giant Chrysaor. She begged her son Geryon not to battle Heracles.
Callirrhoe (2) (Kallirrhoe) A Naiad daughter of the river Scamander. She married a Trojan king.
Callirrhoe (3) (Kallirrhoe) A Naiad daughter of the river Akhelous. She married the hero Alcmaeon and demanded the necklace of Harmonia from him as her bridegift - a request which brought about his untimely death.
Callithyia (Kallithyia) A Naiad daughter of the river Inachus. She founded the ancient cult of Hera in Argos.
Calydonian Boar (Hus Kalydonios) A gigantic boar sent by Artemis to ravish the lands of Aetolia. It was slain by a band of heroes led by Meleager.
Calypso (Kalypso) A goddess-nymph of the island Ogygia. She detained the hero Odysseus on her island for many years.
Camarina (Kamarina) An Oceanid for whom the city of Camarina was named.
Campe (Kampe) A servant of the Titans. She guarded the gates of Tartarus where the Hecatoncheires and Cyclops were imprisoned. Zeus slew her and freed these giants from the prison.
Carpo (Karpo) The Hora of Autumn and the goddess of ripening fruit.
Carmanor (Karmanor) The god of crop-shearing who was loved by Demeter.
Carme (Karme) The Nymphe of the harvest-time shearing of the crops.
Carpus (Karpos) The god of fruit.
Carya (Karya) The Hamadryad nymph of the hazel or walnut tree.
Castalia (Kastalia) A Naiad daughter of the River Achelous. She was the goddess of a spring at Delphi.
Caucasian Eagle (Kaukasian Eagle) The eagle that gnawed on the liver of Prometheus. It was slain by Heracles.
Cayster (Kaystros) A river of Lydia and its god.
Cebren (Kebren) A river of Troy and its god.
Cecrops (Kekrops) An early earth-born king of Attica. He had the tail of a serpent in place of legs.
Cedalion (Kedalion) A daemon attendant of Hephaestus.
Celaeno (1) (Kelaino) One of the three Harpies.
Celaeno (2) (Kelaino) One of the Pleiades. She was loved by Poseidon.
Celedones (Keledones) Magical singers which Hephaestus forged out of gold for the very first (mythical) temple of Apollo at Delphi.
Celmis (Kelmis) One of the Dactyls.
Centaurides (Kentaurides) The female Centaurs.
Centaurs (1) (Kentauroi) A tribe of wild and dangerous creatures who had the upper torsos of men and the bodies of horsess. They tried to abduct the bride at the marriage of Peirithoos. In the battle that ensued many of them were slain. Out of the survivors most were encountered and slain by Heracles on his journeys. There were also female centaurs, the most famous one was Hylonome.
Centaurs (2) (Kentauroi) A tribe of bull-horned Centaurs who were native to the island of Cyprus. They were born when Zeus tried to seduce his daughter Aphrodite but failed and accidentally impregnated the Earth instead.
Centaurs (3) (Kentauroi) Centaur-companions of the god Dionysos. They were sons of the Lamides the nurses of Dionysos. They themselves were set to guard the young god by Zeus. Hera was angered by this and transformed them into Centaurs.
Cephissus (1) (Kephissos) A river of Attica and its god.
Cephissus (2) (Kephissos) A river of Phocis and its god.
Ceraon (Keraon) The daemon of wine-making and/or mixing.
Cerberus (Kerberos) The many-headed, serpent maned hound that guarded the gates of Hades. One of Heracles labours was to fetch him from the underworld.
Cercopes (Kerkopes) Twin monkey-like sons of Oceanus. They were thieves and ruffians who they were captured by Heracles in Lydia but they so amused the hero with their jokes that he set them free.
Cercyra (Kerkyra) A Naiad daughter of the river Asopus. She was loved by Poseidon who carried her off to the island of Corcyra.
Cerynitian Hind (Elaphos Kerynitis) The immortal golden-horned deer which Herakles was set to fetch as this third labour. It was one of five Elaphoi Chrysoceroi (Golden Hinds).
Cetea (Ketea) Sea monsters. Andromeda of Ethiopia and Hesione of Troy were both chained up as sacrifice to these beasts. Perseus slew the first and his descendant Heracles the second.
Ceto (1) (Keto) An ancient Sea-Goddess. Sh personified the dangers of the sea. Most of the monsters of mythology were descended from her.
Ceto (2) (Keto) An Oceanid loved by Helios.
Ceuthonymus (Keuthonymos ) A mysterious demon of the underworld.
Chalcotauri (Khalkotauroi) The fire-breathing bronze bulls of King Aeetes of Colchis which Jason was commanded to yoke and plow a field with dragon's teeth.
Chalcis (Khalkis) A Naiad daughter of Asopus. The town of Chalcis in Euboea was named after her.
Chaos (Khaos) The female personifcation of air. Her name means "gap", that is, the gap between earth and sky.
Chariclo (Khariklo) A nymph and wife of Chiron. She lived with him in a cave on Mt Pelion and fostered many a famous hero.
Charites, Elder (Kharites) Three goddesses of beauty, mirth and festive good-cheer. They were daughters of Zeus, namely Aglaia, Thalia and Euphrosyne.
Charites, Younger (Kharites) Goddesses of the many pleasures of life including play, relaxation, parties, banquets, general happiness and amusement. They were daughters of wine-god Dionysos.
Charon (Kharon) A demon of the underworld. He was the elderly ferryman of the river Acheron.
Charybdis (Kharybdis) A gigantic daughter of Poseidon. She was chained to the sea bed as punishment for some crime. Her inhallations formed a massive whirlpool which became a terror for the sailors who had to travel through her narrow straight.
Chelone (Khelone) An oread who haughtily refused to attend the wedding of Zeus and Hera and was transformed into a tortoise as punishment.
Chimera (Khimaira) A creature with the foreparts of a lion, the rearparts of a goat, a goats head rising from its back, and a fanged serpent for a tail. It was slain by Bellerophon who rode into battle on the winged horse Pegasus.
Chione (1) (Khione) The goddess of snow. She was a daughter of the winter-god Boreas.
Chione (2) (Khione) A Naiad daughter of the River Nile. She was raped by a peasant. Zeus took pity on her and transported her to the clouds where she sifted snow upon the dry deserts of Egypt.
Chiron (Kheiron) An immortal Centaur son of Cronus. He was famed for his wisdom and dwelt in a cave on Mt Pelion where he fostered and trained many of the great heroes.
Chloris (Khloris) The goddess of flowers and wife of Zephyrus the West-Wind.
Chremetes (Khremetes) A river of Libya and its god.
Chronus (Khronos) The primeval, three-headed god of time whose serpentine tail was perpetually entwined with that of his consort Ananke, the goddess of necessity.
Chrysaor (Khrysaor) A gigantic winged son of Medusa.
Chryseos Cuon (Khryseos Kuon) A golden hound which Rhea set to guard the infant Zeus and his nurse the goat Amaltheia.
Chrysomallus (Khrysomallos) The flying, talking, golden-fleeced ram that was sent to rescue the children Phrixus and Helle from sacrifice.
Chrysothemis (Khrysothemis) Goddess of the Golden-Custom, a harvest festival incorporating song, sex and banqueting amongst the grain harvest.
Chrysus (Khrysos) The god of gold.
Circe (Kirke) An immortal witch who dwelt on the island of Aeaea. She turned travellers into beasts with her potions.
Cithaeron (Kithairon) A mountain of Boeotia and its god.
Claea (Klaia) A Messenian oread who had a shrine on Mt Calathium.
Cleeia (Kleeia) One of the Hyades.
Cleocharia (Kleokhareia) The Naiad ancestress of the Spartan royal family.
Clio (Kleio) The muse of history.
Clotho (Klotho) One of the three Fates.
Clymene (Klymene) Goddess of fame/infamy. She was one of the Oceanides and the wife of the Titan Iapetus.
Clytia (Klytia) One of the Oceanides. Clytia fell in love with Helius (the Sun) and sat staring at him as he crossed the sky. In time she metamorphosed into a heliotrope, a flower whose head always turns towards the sun.
Clytius (Klytios) One of the Gigantes. He was slain by Hecate with her flaming torches in the Giant-War.
Coalemus (Koalemos) The god of stupidity.
Cocythiae (Kokythiai) The Naiad nymph daughters of the river Cocytus of Hades.
Cocytus (Kokytos) The underworld river of wailing and its god.
Coeus (Koios) The elder Titan-god of the questioning intellect.
Comus (Komos) God of festivals and the son of Hermes and Circe. He was said to have the ability to change the faces of men to those of beasts.
Conisalus (Konisalos) A fertility daemon and attendant of Priapus.
Coronides (Koronides) Two daughters of the Giant Orion. They saved the city of Orchomeus from a plague by offering themselves as sacrifice to the gods. Persephone sorrowed for their plight and transformed them into comets.
Coronis (Koronis) One of the Hyades.
Corus (Koros) The personification of disdain.
Corybantes (Korybantes) Divine attendants of the goddess Cybele. They celebrate her rites with armed dancing and the clashing of shield and spear.
Corycia (Korykia) One of the Coryciae loved by Apollo.
Coryciae (Korykiai) Naiad daughters of the river Pleistus. They inhabited the sacred Corycian cave.
Cottus (Kottos) One of the three Hecatoncheires.
Cotys (Kotys) A wild Bacchic goddess of Thrace.
Craneia (Kraneia) The Hamadryad nymph of the cornel or cherry tree.
Crataeis (Krataeis) Another name for the goddess Ceto.
Cratus (Kratos) God of strength. Like his siblings he sided with Zeus in the Titan-War and became one of the god's attendants.
Cretan Bull A majestic bull sent up by Poseidon. It impregnated Pasiphae the wife of King Minos (who was being punished by the god for not sacrificing it as he had promised) and from this unnatural union the Minotaur was born. The Bull was later fetched from Crete by Heracles as one of his twelve labours and eventually slain by Theseus at Marathon.
Creusa (Kreusa) The Naiad wife of the river god Peneus.
Crinaeae (Krinaiai) Naiad-nymphs of the fountains.
Crius (Krios) The elder Titan-god of mastery and lordship.
Crocale (Krokale) One of the attendant nymphs of Artemis.
Crommyon Sow (Hus Krommyon) A giant boar that ravaged the farmlands of Crommyon. It was slain by Theseus.
Cronus (Kronos) The King of the Titans and the elder Titan-god of time. He castrated and deposed his father Uranus but was in turn was defeated by his own son Zeus after a ten year war. Cronus was cast into Tartarus but at the end of the Age of Heroes Zeus freed and made him king of Elysium.
Crotus (Krotos) A satyr companion of the Muses who was placed amongst the stars by these goddesses as the constellation Saggitarius.
Ctesius (Ktesios) The god of the household.
Cunocephali (Kunokephaloi) A tribe of dog-headed men native to Africa.
Curetes (Kouretes) Servants of Rhea. The Curetes helped hide the baby Zeus from Cronus by dancing about and clashing their spears and shields to drown out his cries.
Cyamites (Kyamites) The agricultural-god of beans who was worshipped in the Eleusinian Mysteries of Demeter.
Cyane (Kyane) The Naiad of a spring near Syracuse in Sicily.
Cybele (Kybele) The mother of the gods. This was the name under which Rhea was worshipped in Asia Minor.
Cychreides (Drakon Kykhreides) A gigantic drakon. He was driven from the island of Salamis by the hero Cychreus and fled to Eleusis where Demeter welcomed and made him her attendant.
Cyclopes, Elder (Kyklopes) Three one-eyed giants. They were imprisoned in Tartarus by Uranus and then by Cronus. Zeus released them during the Titan-War and they crafted the thunderbolts for him, a helmet of invisibility for Hades, and an earth-quake inducing trident for Poseidon.
Cyclopes, Younger (Kyklopes) A tribe of one-eyed giants. They were primitive and lawless and spent their time herding goats on the island of Hypereia.
Cydnides (Kydnides) Warlike Cicilian naiades who joined Dionysus in his Indian War.
Cydoimus (Kydoimos) The personification of confusion who haunted the battlefield.
Cymopolea (Kymopoleia) A gigantic daughter of Poseidon. She married the hundred-handed giant Briareus.
Cyrene (Kyrene) A Naiad Nymph and huntress of Thessaly loved by the god Apollo.
Cytherus (Kytheros) A river of Elis and its god.
D
Dactyls (Daktyloi) Servants of Rhea the Dactyls were immortal magicians and smiths who dwelt on the island of Crete.
Daeira Goddess of the secret knowledge of the Eleusinian Mysteries and the groundwater that nourished the newly planted grain-seed.
Daemonai (Daimonai) Female daimones - they included all the classes of Nymphs, as well as the various female personifications and abstractions.
Daemones (Daimones) Spirits of the air, earth, sea and underworld. They ranged from personifications such of Elpis (Hope) to nature spirits such as the River-Daemones and the Nymphs.
Daemones Argyreoi (Daimones Argyreoi) The men of the silver age who were immortalised as underground spirits which presided over the fertility of the earth.
Daemones Chryseoi (Daimones Khryseoi) The men of the golden age who were immortalised as thirty thousand earth-dwelling spirits which watched over mankind.
Daemones Chthonioi (Daimones Khthonioi) The demon-spirits of the underworld.
Daemones Einalioi (Daimones Einalioi) The spirits of the sea.
Daemones Nomioi (Daimones Nomioi) The spirits of the countryside.
Daemones Ouranoi (Daimones Ouranoi) The spirits of the sky.
Daemones Proseoous (Daimones Proseoous) Evil demons which haunted the dark caverns of the island of Rhodes.
Damasen A Maionian Giant who slew the venomous Dracon which was terrorising the region.
Damia The Hora of Winter (perhaps) and goddess of the planting of seed.
Damnameneus One of the Dactyls.
Daphne A naiad daughter of the river Peneius. She was loved by Apollo who pursued her through the woods and as he was about to grasp her she prayed to Gaea to save her and was transformed into a laurel tree.
Daphnaie Dryad-nymphs of the laurel-tree.
Daphnis (1) The oreiad prophetess of Gaia at the oracle of Delphi, before Apollon took over the shrine.
Daphnis (2) The demigod of pastoral or idyllic poetry.
Deimus (Deimos) The god of terror and an attendant of Ares.
Deino One of the Graeae.
Deipneus The daemon protector of dinners and dining.
Delphinus (Delphinos) The dolphin-god. When Amphitrite hid from Poseidon, Delphinus found her and persuaded her to marry him. He was placed in the stars by Poseidon as a constellation.
Delphyne Another name for the monstrous serpent-tailed Echidna.
Demeter Goddess of agriculture and one of the twelve great Olympian gods. With her daughter Persephone she was also goddess of the afterlife - through the practise of her mysteries men could reach Elysium in death.
Despoena (Despoine) A mysterious goddess born from Poseidon's rape of Demeter and raised by the Titan Anytus. Her true name was never spoken outside her secret rites.
Dicaeosyne (Dikaiosyne) The goddess of equity.
Dictynna (Diktynna) Another name for the goddess Britomarttis.
Dike Goddess of justice and of winter. She was one of the three Horae (Seasons).
Diogenia A naiad daughter of the river Cephissus who married an Athenian nobleman.
Dione An Oceanid and Titaness, Dione was the mother or foster mother of Aphrodite and dwelt with her on Olympus.
Dionysus (Dionysos) God of wine and the youngest of the twelve Olympians. The goddess Hestia relinquished her position to him when he entered Olympus after spending many years wandering the world establishing his cult. See also Loves & Family of Dionysus; Cult of Dionysus.
Diopatra A Malian naiad loved by Poseidon who turned her sisters into poplars while he seduced her.
Dioscuri (Dioskouroi) Twin star-crowned gods who came to the aid of sailors in distress during storms, appearing in the form St Elmo's fire. They were originally mortal princes granted immortality by the gods and placed amongst the stars as the constellation Gemini. See also Cult of the Dioscuri.
Dodonides The prophetic Dryades of the oaks of Zeus at the oracle of Dodona.
Doris An Oceanid married to the sea-god Nereus.
Dracaenai (Drakainai) A breed of dragon-nymphs each with the upper body of beautiful women and the coiled tail of a serpent in place of legs.
Dracaena of Scythia (Skythian Drakaina) The first queen of Scythia who had the tail of a serpent in place of legs. She stole the cattle of Heracles and insisted the hero mate with her before she returned them.
Dracones (Drakones) The dracones or dragons were a breed of gigantic toothed serpents vanquished by the heroes.
Dracon of Aeonia (Drakon Aionios) The dragon who guarded the sacred spring of Ares at Thebes. It was slain by the hero Cadmus. When its teeth were sown in the earth a tribe armed men sprang up fully grown from the ground.
Dracon of Colchis (Drakon Kholkidos) A sleepless dragon. He guarded the golden-fleece at Colchis. Jason was sent to fetch the fleece and was swallowed whole by the serpent but Medea forced it to disgorge him with her magic.
Dracones of Medea A pair of winged serpents that drew the chariot of the witch Medea through the air.
Dracon of Nemea (Drakon Nemeios) A giant serpent which guarded the sacred groves of Nemea. It killed the infant prince Opheltes and was slain by the heroes of the Seven Against Thebes.
Dracones of Troy (Drakones Troiades) Two giant sea-serpents sent by Poseidon to silence the Trojan priest Laocoon who was about to warn the Trojans of the ruse of the Wooden Horse.
Dryads (Dryades) Tree nymphs, also known as Hamadryads. There were two types: the Oreads (nymphs of oaks and pines) and the Meliae (nymphs of ash-trees).
Dryope A Dryopian princess transformed into a Hamadryad Nymph by the Hamadryades.
Dysis The eleventh of the twelve Horai (Hours), she was the goddess of the sun-set.
Dysnomia (Dysnomia) The female personification of lawlessness.
E
Ececheria (Ekekheria) The female personification of truce.
Echidna (Ekhidna) Half beautiful nymph, half serpent, the immortal Echidna married Typhon and mothered a brood of monsters.
Echidna's Son A giant ally of the Titanes slain by Ares. He had two serpent tails for legs and spat poison.
Echo (Ekho) An oread of Mt Helicon and attendant of Hera. She distracted Hera with her endless chatter so that Zeus was free to pursue his affairs with women and nymphs. Hera caught on to the ruse took her voice away leaving her only to repeat the words of others. She loved and was spurned by Narcissus and faded away till only her voice was left.
Eidothea A sea nymph daughter of Proteus who helped Menelaus to capture her father.
Eileithyia The goddess of childbirth.
Elaphoi Chrysoceroi (Elaphoi Khrysokeroi) The five sacred golden-horned deer of Artemis, also known as the Golden Hinds. Four of these drew the chariot of the goddess and fifth which roamed free, Heracles was set to fetch as his third labour.
Elatreus One of the one-eyed giants called Cyclopes.
Electra (1) (Elektra) One of the Pleiades who was the ancestress of the Trojan Royal family.
Electra (2) (Elektra) An Oceanid married to the sea-god Thaumas.
Eleionomae (Eleionomai) Naiad-nymphs of marshes.
Elete The eighth of the twelve Horai (Hours), she was the goddess of one of the hourso f afternoon.
Eleus (Eleos) The female personification of mercy.
Eleusis Goddess of the city of Eleusis and the Eleusinian Mysteries. She was an attendant of Demeter.
Elpis The female personification of hope. She was the only spirit to remain within Pandora's box.
Empusae (Empousai) Monsters in the train of Hecate. The Empusae had one leg of brass and one of an ass. They could assume the form of beautiful women to lure men and feed on their flesh and drink their blood.
Enceladus (Enkelados) One of the Gigantes who fled from Athena in the giant-war. She crushed him with the island of Sicily.
Enyalius (Enyalios) A minor god of war and son of Ares.
Enyo (1) Goddess of war and companion of Ares. She was also called Eris.
Enyo (2) One of the Graeae.
Eos Goddess of the dawn. She had an affair with Ares and was cursed by Aphrodite to forever fall in love with mortals - Cephalus, Tithonus, and many others.
Ephialtes (1) A Gigante slain by Apollo and Heracles who shot him with an arrow in each eye.
Ephialtes (2) A gigantic son of Poseidon, who with his brother Otus tried to storm the heavens by piling the mountains one upon the other. The pair were slain by Apollon and Artemis.
Ephyra An Oceanid after whom the region of Ephyra was named.
Epiales The nightmare daemon.
Epidote A daimona attendant of Apollon at Delphi. This spirit of purification could turn aside the wrath of Zeus God of Suppliants.
Epimelides Dryad-nymphs, protectors of fruit-trees (& sheep).
Epimetheus The younger Titan-god of afterthought. He was tricked by the gods into accepting the first woman, Pandora, as his wife along with her box containing all the evils of the earth.
Epione The goddess of soothing and wife of the medicine-god Asclepius.
Erasinus (Erasinos) A river of Argos and its god.
Erato (1) The Muse of lyric love poetry.
Erato (2) A dryad prophetess of Pan and the wife of an early Arcadian King.
Erebus (Erebos) The male personification of darkness.
Eridanus (Eridanos) A river of northern Europe and its god.
Erinyes Born from the blood of the castrated Uranus, the Erinyes were spirits who avenged crimes against family. They appeared as frighteningly hideous winged demons with serpents in their hair.
Eris The goddess of strife who haunted the battlefield. She indirectly caused the Trojan War by throwing the golden apple "to the fairest" amongst the goddesses.
Erites The personifications of strife. The good Eris was personification of competitive rivalry and the bad Eris of discord.
Eros (1) The protogenos (primal deity) of procreation. He was one of the first beings to emerge at the creation of the universe.
Eros (2) The winged boy-god of love who struck men and gods with his love-tipped arrows. He was the foremost of the Erotes.
Erotes The Erotes were winged gods of love. Eros, Himeros and Pothus were the foremost of these gods.
Ersa Goddess of the dew.
Erymanthian Boar (Hus Erymanthios) The giant boar which Heracles was sent to fetch as one of his twelve labours.
Euboea (1) (Euboia) A naiad daughter of the river Asterion. With her sisters Acraea and Prosymna she was nurse to the child Hera.
Euboea (2) (Euboia) A naiad daughter of the river Asopus carried off by Poseidon to the island of Euboea.
Eubolus (Eubolos) The god of earth freshly ploughed and planted with grain-seed.
Eucleia (Eukleia) Goddess of glory and good repute.
Eudaemonia (Eudaimonia) Goddess of happiness, prosperity and opulence, Eudaemonia was one of the attendants of Aphrodite.
Eudora One of the Hyades.
Eunomia Goddess of summer and good order. She was one of the three Horae (Seasons) and an attendant of Aphrodite.
Eunostos (Eunostus) The agricultural-goddess of good yield and protectoress of the flour mills.
Eupheme (1) The goddess of being well-spoken.
Eupheme (2) The nymph nurse of the nine Muses and love of Pan.
Euphrosyne Goddess of mirth and merriment, one of the three Charites.
Euporia One of the Horae and the goddess of agricultural abundance.
Europa An Oceanid who gave her name to the continent of Europe.
Eurotas A river in Laconia and its god.
Eurus (Euros) The god of the East Wind (or more specifically the South-East Wind).
Euryale One of the two immortal Gorgons.
Euryalus (Euryalos) One of the one-eyed giants called Cyclopes.
Eurybia An ancient Sea-Goddess.
Eurymedon One of the Cabeiri
Eurynome An Oceanid and Titaness. She was originally the wife of Ophion and queen of heaven for a short period. Later loved by Zeus she bore him the Graces. She was also one of the attendants of Aphrodite.
Eurynomus (Eurynomos) A blue-black skinned demon of the underworld who ate away the flesh of the dead.
Eurytion A centaur who tried to marry Mnesimache, a princess of Olenus, by threat of force. Heracles came to her aid slaying Eurytion.
Eurytus (Eurytos) One of the Gigantes slain by Dionysus with his thyrsus in the giant-war.
Eusebia Goddess of piety and filial respect. Her husband was Nomus god of law.
Euterpe The Muse of lyric poetry.
Euthenia The goddess of prosperity and plenty.
Evadne (Euadne) A naiad daughter of the river Strymon married to Argus king of Argos.
Evenus (Euenos) A river of Aetolia and its god.
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Gaea (Gaia) An ancient goddess who was the personification of the earth. She instigated the overthrow first of Uranus and then of Cronus as king of the gods but failed in her attempts to depose Zeus.
Galateia One of the Nereids, she was loved by the Cyclops Polyphemus.
Ganymede (Ganymedes) A beautiful prince of Troy. Zeus abducted him to Olympus and made him the immortal cup-bearer of the gods.
Geras The personifaction of old age.
Geryon A three-bodied man who dwelt at the ends of the earth. He was slain by Heracles who was sent to fetch Geryon's cattle as his tenth labour.
Gigantes The races of Giants included the Heca-Gigantes, the Aloedae, Typhon, Antaeus, Charybdis, Orion, Tityus, the Cyclopes, the Hecatoncheires and many others.
Gigantes, Heca- (Heka-Gigantes) The hundred Gigantes were born from the blood of Uranus. Incited by their mother they declared war on the Olympian gods but were slain in battle with the aid of Heracles. Ge had tried and failed to find the herb that would make these sons of hers immortal.
Glaucia (Glaukia) A naiad daughter of the river Scamander. She was loved by a companion of Heracles.
Glaucus (Glaukos) A minor sea deity. Originally a fisherman he ate a magical herb that transformed him into a fish-tailed sea god.
Gorgons (Gorgones) Three monstrous winged sisters with snakes for hair, broad noses, wide eyes, protruding tusks and lolling tongues. They had claws of bronze and golden wings with a gaze that could turn a man to stone.
Gorgyra A nymphe of the underworld and wife of the river-god Acheron.
Graeae (Graiai) Three sisters of the Gorgons they were grey-haired and aged from birth with only one tooth and eye between them.
Gration One of the Gigantes slain by Artemis with her arrows.
Grenicus (Grenikos) A river of Troy and its god.
Griffins (Grypes) Creatures with the foreparts of an eagle and the rear of a horse.
Gyes One of the three Hecatoncheires.
Gyge A lake of Lydia and its god.
Gymnastica (Gymnastika) The fourth of the twelve Horai (Hours), she was the goddess of the morning hour of gymnastics.
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Hades (Haides) One of the three mighty sons of Cronus. When the lots were drawn by Zeus, Hades and Poseidon for the division of the world he drew the lot for the underworld.
Hagno An Oceanid who with her sisters, Theiosa and Neda, reared the infant Zeus.
Halia A sea-goddess and sister of the Telchines who was loved by Poseidon and bore him six sons. The sons insulted Aphrodite who caused them to go mad and rape their mother. Poseidon struck them down and thrust them underground and Halia threw herself back into the sea.
Haliae (Haliai) Nymphs of the sea, the Haliae were daughters of the various sea gods. The most famous were the fifty Nereides.
Halimedes One of the one-eyed giants called Cyclopes.
Hamadryads (Hamadryades) Tree nymphs whose life was bound up with that of their tree.
Hamadryas The Hamadryad nymph of the oak tree and mother of the Hamadryad Nymphs of the lesser forest trees.
Harmonia The goddess of harmony. She was married to the mortal Cadmus in a marriage ceremony attended by all the gods. After ruling Thebes for many years the two were transported to Elysium and a life of bliss.
Harpies (Harpyiai) Three winged sisters who were called the hounds of Zeus. They were known to snatch people away and were set to torment the blind Phineus by stealing his food.
Harpina A naiad daughter of the river Asopus who was abducted to Elis by Ares.
Harpocrates (Harpokrates) The god of silence.
Hebe The goddess of youth and the wife of the apotheosized Herakles in Olympus.
Hebrus (Hebros) A river of Thrace and its god.
Hecaerge (Hekaerge) An Hyperborean nymph attendant of Artemis.
Hecate (Hekate) Goddess of witchcraft and one of the younger Titanides. She sided with Zeus in the Titan war and was granted power over earth, sky, sea and underworld. She assisted Demeter in her search for Persephone, and joined her as a goddess of Hades.
Hecaterides (Hekaterides) The five female Dactyls or Fingers. They wed their Dactyl brothers and by them became the mothers of the mountain spirits - Oreads, Satyrs and Curetes.
Hecaterus (Hekateros) The Titan-god of hands and fingers.
Hecatoncheires (Hekatonkheires) Three fifty-headed, hundred handed giants. They were imprisoned first by their father Uranus and then by Cronus. Zeus later freed them to assist in his war against the Titans.
Hedylogus (Hedylogos) God of sweet-talk, Hedylogos was one of the winged Erotes.
Heliades Nymphs and daughters of Helios the Sun. The Heliades gathered in mourning around the body of their brother Phaethon, smoldering in the River Eridanus, after he was cast from the fiery chariot of the sun. The grief-stricken Nymphs metamorphosed into poplars and their tears became amber.
Helicon (Helikon) One of the Mountain-Gods (Ourea).
Helius (Helios) The god of the sun, who rode through the sky in a four-horse chariot drawn by winged horses. He wore the aureole of the sun upon his head.
Helle The goddess of the Hellespont (the sea that separates Asia and Europe). As a mortal girl she fled from her homeland on the back of the Golden-Fleeced Ram, but after falling into the sea she was transformed into a sea-goddess by Poseidon.
Hemera (Hemere) The female personification of day.
Hemithea A goddess of the Asian Chersonnese. She was once a mortal princess who leapt into the sea to escape her father but was rescued by Apollon and made into a goddess.
Hephaestus (Hephaistos) God of fire, volcanic activity, smiths and craftsmen. He was one of the twelve great Olympian gods.
Hera Goddess of marriage and women in general. She was one of the twelve great Olympian gods and the wife of Zeus and Queen of Heaven.
Heracles (Herakles) The greatest of the Greek heroes, famed for his twelve labours. On his funeral pyre he was consumed by lightning and apotheosized by Zeus into a god on Olympus. He there married Hebe, goddess of youth.
Hercyna (Herkyna) The naiad nymph of a Boeotian river and friend of Persephone.
Hermaphroditus (Hermaphroditos) A handsome son of Hermes and Aphrodite. Loved by the nymph Salmacis she prayed they might never be separated. The gods took her request literally and merged their forms into one - part male, part female. He was numbered amongst the winged Erotes.
Hermes God of trade, messengers, roads and flocks and one of the twelve great Olympian gods. With his winged sandals and cap he was the messenger of the gods.
Hermus (Hermos) A river of Lydia and its god.
Herophilus (Herophilos) A daughter of Poseidon and Aphrodite.
Hesperia / Asterope A naiad daughter of the river Cebren.
Hesperides Goddesses of sunsets, they were set to care for the golden apple-tree that Gaea gave Hera at her wedding to Zeus.
Hesperis The tenth of the twelve Horai (Hours), she was the goddess of the hour of evening.
Hesperus (Hesperos) God of the evening star (Venus).
Hestia Goddess of the hearth and the home. A virgin goddess she was originally one of the twelve Olympian gods but relinquished her place in favour of Dionysus. As goddess of the sacrificial flame she was honoured with every sacrifice.
Hesychia (Hesykhia) The goddess of tranquility.
Hieromneme A naiad daughter of the river Simoeis married to a Trojan prince.
Himeros God of desire, Himeros was one of the winged Erotes. He was present at the birth of Aphrodite and became one of her constant companions.
Hippalectryon (Hippalektryon) A creature with the foreparts of a horse and rearparts of a rooster.
Hippocampus (Hippokampos) A creatue with the foreparts of a horse and the rearparts of a fish. This beast was used as a mount by the sea-gods.
Hippoi Athanatoi Immortal horses which drew the chariots of the gods and were occasionally granted as gifts to mortals.
Hippolytus (Hippolytos) One of the Gigantes slain by Hermes wearing Hades helm of invisibility.
Homados The male personification of battlenoise.
Homonoias The male personification of concord.
Hoplodamus (Hoplodamos) One of the Gigantes. He and some of his brothers protected Rhea from Cronus' rage after she had hidden their baby Zeus.
Horae (1) (Horai) Goddesses of the cycles of Time and individually of Justice, Peace and Good Law. They were said to be the keepers of the gates of Olympus.
Horae (2) (Horai) Goddesses of the twelve hours.
Horae (3) (Horai) Goddesses of the Seasons - Summer, Winter, Spring and Autumn.
Horcus (Horkos) The male personification of oaths. He punished those who broke them.
Hormes Hormes was the personfication of effort.
Hyades Daughters of Atlas, the Hyades were the nurses of Dionysos and were placed in the sky as stars.
Hyale One of the attendant nymphs of Artemis.
Hybris The female personification of insolence.
Hydaspes An Indian River-God who fought and was defeated by Dionysos in the Indian Wars.
Hydra A nine-headed serpent, which grew two heads for every one cut off. It was defeated by Heracles who buried its one immortal head beneath a boulder.
Hygeia The goddess of good health. See also Cult of Hygeia.
Hylonome A female centaur. She killed herself when her husband the centaur Cyllarus was slain in the battle with the Lapiths.
Hymenaeus (Hymenaios)One of the Erotes, Hymenaeus was the god of weddings.
Hyperborean Giants (Gigantes Hyperboreioi) Three giant sons of the North Wind who were the chief priests of the virtuous Hyperborean tribe.
Hyperboreans (Hyperboreoi) A tribe of blessed men who dwelt in a land of eternal spring beyond the wintry home of the North Wind.
Hyperia The Naiad of an Argive spring and daughter of the River-god Inachus.
Hyperion The elder Tian-god of watching and observation.
Hypnus (Hypnos) The god of sleep and twin brother of Death.
Hysminae (Hysminai) The personifications of battles.
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Iacchus (Iakkhos) A daemon attendant of Demeter and the leader of her mysteries.
Iapetus (Iapetos) The elder Titan-god of voice and thought.
Iasion The springtime consort of the goddess Demeter and patron-god of the Cabeirian Mysteries.
Iaso Goddess of recovery.
Ida One of the nurses of Zeus in Crete.
Idyia (Eidyia) Youngest of the Oceanides she married Aeetes king of Colchis.
Ilissus (Ilissos) A river of Athens and its god.
Imbrasus (Imbrasos) A river of the island of Samos and its god.
Inachus (Inakhos) A river of Argos and its god. In the contest of Poseidon and Hera for the dominion of Argos he ruled in favour of Hera. Poseidon then dried up his stream which now only flows in winter.
Io A naiad daughter of the river Inachus. She was loved by Zeus who transformed her into a cow to hide from Hera. Hera nevertheless discovered her and sent maddening gladflys to torment her. She fled all the way to Egypt where she gave birth to a son, Epaphus, ancestor of the Egyptian kings.
Ionides Four naiad daughters of the river Cytherus. Their springs possessed healing properties.
Irene (Eirene) Goddess of the spring-season and of peace, She was one of the three Horae (Seasons).
Iris The goddess of the rainbow and messenger of the gods.
Ismenis A Naiad daughter of the River Ismenos who was loved by the god Faunus.
Ismenus (Ismenos) A River of Boeotia and its god.
Iynx The goddess-nymph a magical love-charm known as the iynx - a spinning wheel to which a wryneck bird was attached.
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Keres The monstrous female personifications of violent death. They haunted the battlefield in the thousands ripping the souls of the dying from their bodies.
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Lachesis (Lakhesis) One of the three Fates.
Ladon (1) A hundred-headed dragon who guarded the apples of the Hesperides.
Ladon (2) A river of Arcadia and its god.
Laelaps (Lailaps) A magical dog that was destined always to catch is prey. It was turned to stone by Zeus when set to chase the Teumessian Fox - a beast tha was fated never to be caught.
Laestrygones (Laistrygones) A tribe of man-eating giants encountered by Odysseus on his travels.
Lamia, Corinthian (Lamia Korinthia) A vampiress who seduced a young Corinthian man in order to drink his blood. Her illusions were exposed by a sage and she was driven away.
Lamia, Libyan (Lamia Libys) A terrifying phantom who preyed on children. She had the ability to remove her eyes.
Lamiae (Lamiai) Vampiric monsters who appeared as ghostly, handsome women. They lured young men to their beds to drank their blood and fed on their flesh.
Lamides A group of sister-Naiades who nursed the baby Zeus.
Lamos A river of Phoenicia and its god.
Lampades The torch-bearing nymphs of Hades. They formed part of the retinue of Hecate in her night-time jaunts.
Lampetia A daughter of Helios, she cared for her father's flocks on the island of Thrinacie.
Langia The Naiad of a spring at Nemea.
Lelantus (Lelantos) One of the Titanes.
Lethe (1) The female personification of forgetfullness.
Lethe (2) The underworld river of oblivion and its goddess.
Leto A titaness seduced by Zeus and after a difficult pregnancy driven from all land to land by Hera gave birth to the twins Apollo and Artemis on the island of Delos.
Leuce (Leuke) An Oceanid loved by Hades who carried her off to Elysium. She metamorphosed into a white poplar which became the sacred tree of Hades.
Leucippides Two maidens loved by the Dioscuri who were granted immortality as the wives of these twins.
Leucothea / Ino (Leukothea) Originally a mortal, Ino was the nurse of Dionysus. She was driven mad by Hera, first boiling her son Melicertes alive and leaping into the sea. She was and her son were transformed into sea-gods who came to the aid of sailors in distree.
Libya One of the Oceanides she gave her name to the continent of Libya (now called Africa).
Liliai A naiad daughter of the river Cephissus after whom a town was named.
Limnades / Limnatides Naiad-nymphs of lakes.
Limos The emaciated female personification of hunger.
Lips The demi-god of the South-West Wind.
Liriope A Boeotian Naiad loved by the river-god Cephisus.
Litae (Litai) The frail and elderly goddesses of prayers followed in the footsteps of Ate, the bringer of ruin.
Logoi The personifications of lies.
Lotis A Naiad who was transformed into a lotus-tree to escape the amorous pursuit of the god Priapos.
Loxo An Hyperborean nymph attendant of Artemis.
Lupa The female personification of pain.
Lycanthropes (Lykanthropoi) Men who could assume the shape of wolves. They are regarded as "proto-werewolves".
Lycus (Lykos) One of three satyr messengers of the god Dionysus.
Lyssa The female personification of madness.
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Macaria (Makaria) The goddess of blessed death.
Machae (Makhai) The personifications of quarrels.
Macris (Makris) A virgin nymph and nurse of Dionysus.
Maeander (Maiandros) A river of Caria and its god.
Maia One of the Pleiades. She was loved by Zeus and was the mother of Hermes.
Manticore (Mantikhoras) A creature of Persia with the body of a lion, the face of a man, and a spiked tail.
Marsyas A flute-playing satyr who challenged Apollo to a musical contest. The god won and flailed the satyr alive as punishment.
Matton The daemon of baking and the kneeding of bread.
Medusa (Medousa) The only mortal Gorgon, she was beheaded by Perseus.
Megaera (Megaira) One of the three Erinyes.
Melia (1) An Oceanid wife of the river-god Inachus.
Melia (2) An Oceanid loved by Apollo.
Meliades Dryad-nymphs of fruit-trees.
Meliae (Meliai) Nymphs of the Ash-Trees, born from the blood of the castrated Uranus when it fell upon Ge (Earth). They were wed to the Silver Race of mankind in the time before the gods had created women, and were therefore the ancestresses of mankind.
Meliboea An Oceanid married to an early king of Arcadia.
Melinoe A goddess of the underworld, Melinoe was the daughter of Zeus and Persephone. She was a frightful spectral being who left the underworld nightly to strike fear and confusion amongst the living.
Melisseus One of the nine Curetes which guarded the infant Zeus. His two daughters Ida and Adrasteia were the god's nurses.
Melite (1) A naiad daughter of the river Aegaeus, she was seduced by Heracles.
Melite (2) A naiad daughter of the river Erasinus who, with her sisters, was an attendant of Britomartis.
Melpomene The Muse of tragedy.
Memphis A naiad daughter of the River Nile. She wed an early Egyptian king who named the city of Memphis after her.
Menai Goddesses who represented the fifty lunar months of the four-year Olympiad. They were daughters of the moon-goddess Selene.
Menippe A naiad daughter of the river Peneius.
Menoetes (Menoites) A daemon of the underworld, he was the herdsman of Hades' cattle.
Menoetius (Menoitios) The younger Titan-god of angry thoughts and bad temper, he was blasted into Tartaros by Zeus with a thunderbolt.
Merope One of the Pleiades, she married the infamous Sisyphos. Blushing in shame her star was the faintest of the seven.
Messeis The Naiad of an Argive spring and daughter of the River-god Inachus.
Messembria The sixth of the twelve Horai (Hours), she was the goddess of the hour of noon.
Methe A nymph in the train of Dionysus and the goddess of drunkenness.
Metis An Oceanid and Titaness, Metis was the goddess of wise-counsel. A lover and ally of Zeus she administered a potion to Cronus to make him disgorge Zeus' siblings. Zeus later swallowed her during pregnancy when it was prophesied that their son would overthrow him. Dwelling inside of Zeus she gave birth to Athena and clothed her in armour to emerge fully bedecked from the god's head.
Metope / Parnassa A naiad daughter of the river Ladon who married the river-god Asopus.
Mimas One of the Gigantes slain by Hephaestus with barage of red-hot metal.
Minos A mortal king of Crete and son of Zeus who was made one of the three judges of the underworld upon his death.
Minotaur (Minotauros) A monster with the head of bull locked away in a labyrinth on the island and fed a regular sacrifice of youths. It was slain by Theseus.
Mintha A naiad daughter of the underworld river Cocytus, she was loved by Hades but Demeter or Persephone discovering the affair turned Mintha to dust. Hades caused the mint plant to grow from her remains.
Mnemosyne The elder Titan-goddess of memory, words and language. Zeus spent a night the length of nine making love to her and from this union were born the nine sister Muses.
Moira A naiad daughter of the river Erasinus who with her sisters was an attendant of Britomartis.
Moirae (Moirai) The three goddesses of fate who spun and cut the thread of human lives.
Momus (Momos) The male personfication of mockery. He was thrown out of heaven by Zeus.
Monocerata (Monokerata) The unicorns, a breed of magical equine native to India.
Morea The Hamadryad nymph of the mulberry bush.
Mormo / Mormolyceia (Mormolykeia) Vampiric monster/s of the train of Hecate.
Moros The male personification of doom.
Muses (1) (Mousai) The nine goddesses of music, song and dance, who were the source of inspiration to poets.
Muses (2) (Mousai) The three "Elder" Muses were daughters of Uranus and belonged to the Titan generation of gods. The foremost of them was Mnemosyne who became the mother of the nine Olympian Muses.
Musica (Mousika) The third of the twelve Horai (Hours), she was the goddess of the morning hour of music.
Mycene (Mykene) A naiad daughter of the river Inachus after whom the city of Mycenae was named.
Myrmeces Indici (Myrmekes Indikoi) Gigantic ants which guarded the gold fields of the Indian desert.
Mysian Naiades The Naiad Nymphs of a spring in Mysia who kidnapped Herakles young companion Hylas.

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Naiads (Naiades) Fresh-water nymphs and daughters of the River-gods (Potamoi). There were various types: Crinaeae (of fountains), Pegaeae (of springs), Eleionomae (of marshes), Potameides (of rivers), and Limnades (of lakes).
Nana A naiad daughter of the river Sangarius of Phrygia impregnated from an almond that fell into her lap from the tree that grew from the severed genitals of Agdistis.
Napaia Dryad-Nymphs of vales and dells.
Neades Gigantic monsters which roamed the island of Samos. They could split apart the earth with their roar.
Neaera A Nymph loved by the sun-god Helius.
Neda One of the eldest of the Oceanides, Neda was one of only two female river-gods. She reared the infant Zeus with her sisters Hagno and Theiosa.
Neikea The female personifactions of grievances.
Nemea A daughter of Zeus and Selene. She or her mother suckled the Nemeian Lion.
Nemean Lion (Nemeian Leon) A magical lion that was invulnerable to weapons. It was slain by Heracles who strangled it to death and made a cloak out of its skin.
Nemertes One of the Nereides, said to be as wise as her father the sea-god Nereus.
Nemesis The female personification of retribution. She was pursued by Zeus and changed into many forms to try and escape him. By the god she became the mother of Helene of Troy.
Nephele (1) An Oceanid wife of the hero Athamas. When her children Phrixus and Helle were about to be sacrificed to the gods she sent Chrysomallus the flying golden-fleeced ram to rescue them from the altar.
Nephele (2) An Oceanid, she assumed the form of Hera at the command of Zeus and was raped by Ixion. The centaurs were born from the union.
Nephele (3) One of the attendant nymphs of Artemis.
Nereids (Nereides) The fifty sea-goddess daughters of Nereus. They were personifications of various aspects of the sea and protectors of sea-farers.
Nerites A young sea-god loved by the goddess Aphrodite. When she was invited to join the gods of Olympos he refused to join her and as punishment was transformed into a cockle shell.
Nereus An ancient fish-tailed Sea-God known as the Old Man of the Sea.
Nesoi The Nesoi were goddesses of islands. Each island was said to have its own personification.
Nessus (Nessos) One of the centaurs, Nessus tried to rapeDeianeira the bride of Heracles while carrying her across a river on his back but was shot by Heracles with his poisoned arrows.
Nicaea (Nikaia) A naiad daughter of the river Sangarius and follower of Artemis. She shot the man who loved her through the heart with an arrow and so enraged Eros with this act of cruelty he persuaded Dionysus to make her drunk and seduce her. She hung herself after giving birth to Telete.
Nike Goddess of victory, she sided with Zeus in the Titan-War and became his constant companion.
Nile (Neilos) The river of Egypt and its god, son of Oceanus.
Nomia A dryad after whom the Nomian Mountains in Arcadia were named.
Nomus (Nomos) The god of law. His wife was Eusebia goddess of morality.
Notus (Notos) The god of the South Wind.
Nymphe The fifth of the twelve Horai (Hours), she was the goddess of the morning hour of bath.
Nymphs (Nymphai) Lesser nature daemons that appeared as lovely maidens. There were various types: Naiades (fresh-water nymphs), Oreads or Dryads (tree nymphs - pine and oak), Meliae (ash-tree nymphs), Oceanides (cloud nymphs bringers of rain from the river Oceanus), Haliae (sea-nymphs), and the Lampiades (underworld nymphs).
Nymphs of Artemis The sixty youngest daughters of Oceanus, these Oceanides became the constant virgin companions of the goddess Artemis.
Nymphs, daughters of Themis Three wise nymphs, daughters of Zeus and Themis. They were keepers of certain artifacts of the gods who provided the hero Perseus with winged sandals and the helm of invisibility.
Nysiades Five Oceanides who nursed the infant Dionysos on Mt Nysa in Phoenicia and who later became his constant companions.
Nyx The ancient goddess of the night and mother of the unseen spirits that haunted the air. It was said that even Zeus was in awe of her.
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Oceanides (Okeanides) The three thousand daughters of Oceanus. They were personifications of clouds who rose up from their father's earth-encircling stream to bring rain to the earth. The eldest amongst them were classed as Titanides, a few of the others were personifications and the rest nymphs.
Oceanus (Okeanos) The god of the River Ocean that encircled the earth and the first-born of the Titans. He remained neutral in the Titan war and with his wife Tethys fostered Hera, Demeter and Hestia after they were disgorged by Cronus.
Ocypete (Okypete) One of the three Harpies.
Ocyrrhoe (1) (Okyrrhoe) A nymph so skilled in the art of prophecy she alienated the gods and was turned into a mare.
Ocyrrhoe (2) (Okyrrhoe) An Oceanid loved by Helius.
Ocyrrhoe (3) (Okyrrhoe) A naiad daughter of river Samos. She was pursued by Apollo and fled to a ship which he turned to stone to prevent her escape.
Oenone (Oinone) A naiad daughter of the river Cebren of Troy with prophetic powers. She was the first wife of Paris who refused to heal him when he came to her mortally wounded by a poisoned arrow. When he died she hung was overcome with remorse and hung herself.
Oizys The female personification of pain.
Olethrus (Olethros) The battlefield personification of havoc. He was probably one of the Machai.
Olympus (Olympos) One of the Mountain-Gods (Ourea). God of the mountain of Phrygia.
Omodamon The Daemon 'Crudebake' who plagued the craftsman potter.
Oneiroi The gods of dreams. They issued from the underworld at night in their thousands like bats from a cave.
Ophies Pteretoi A race of feathery-winged serpents which guarded the valuable myrrh fields of Arabia.
Ophion Eldest of the Titans, he ruled heaven after the overthrow of Uranus but was soon deposed by his brother Cronus and cast into the river Ocean. Ophion was probably just another name for Oceanus.
Ophiotaurus (Ophiotauros) A black-skinned monster with the foreparts of a bull and the rearparts of a serpent. It was slain by the Sea-Titan Aegaeon during the Titan-War.
Oreads (Oreiades) Nymphs of the mountains. When one was born a tree was said grow at the same time and to die when she died.
Orion A handsome giant, born from the earth. He could walk on water and was a great huntsman and close companion of Artemis and Leto. When he threatened to slay all the beasts of the earth, Gaia sent a scorpion to kill him.
Orithyia (Oreithyia) The wife of Boreas, god of the North Wind.
Orius (Oreios) One of a pair of man-eating Thracian giants who were half man, half bear.
Ornithes Areos A flock of arrow-shooting birds sacred to the god Ares which guarded his shrine amongst the Amazones.
Orphne An underworld Nymphe and wife of the river-god Acheron.
Orthannes A fertility daemon and attendant of Priapus.
Orthosia One of the Horae and the goddess of agricultural prosperity.
Orthus (Orthos) The two-headed dog of Geryon, slain by Heracles.
Ossa The female personification of rumour.
Othreis An oread of Mt Othrys in Malia. She was loved by both Apollo and Zeus.
Otus (Otos) A gigantic son of Poseidon, who with his brother Ephialtes tried to storm the heavens by piling the mountains one upon the other. The pair were slain by Apollon and Artemis.
Ourea The personifications of mountains. Each mountain was said to have its own god.
Oxylus (Oxylus) The daemon of the forest or thick woods. He (or they) was the father of the Hamadryad Nymphs.
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Paeon (Paion) The physician of the gods.
Paidia Goddess of play and amusement, Paidia was one of the attendants of Aphrodite.
Palaemon / Melicertes (Palaimon / Melikertes) The son of Ino, his mother was driven mad by Hera and boiled him alive. Leaping into the sea with the child in her arms a sympathetic Zeus transformed the boy into a minor sea god who was said to come to the aid of sailors in distress.
Palici (Palikoi) Gods of sacred oaths on the island of Sicily and protectors of runaway slaves. Those who broke an oath sworn at their temple would suffer blindness or death.
Palioxis The male personification of backrush, one the spirits that haunted the battlefield.
Pallas (1) The younger Titan-god of battle and father of Victory, Force, Power and Rivalry.
Pallas (2) One of the Gigantes slain by Athena. She flayed his skin for a shield.
Pallas (3) A companion of Athena, daugter of sea-god Triton. She was accidentally killed by Athena in their war-games. The goddess made a statue of her named the Palladium.
Pan God of shepherds and flocks. Pan has the legs and horns of a goat.
Panacea (Panakeia) Goddess of cures.
Pandaisia Goddess of the complete banquet, Pandaisia was one of the attendants of Aphrodite.
Pandia (Pandeia) A daughter of Zeus and Selene
Panes Satyrs with the legs and horns of a goat. They were named for the god Pan.
Pannychis (Pannykhis) Goddess of night festivals, Pannychis was one of the attendants of Aphrodite.
Paregoros The personification of soothing words and an attendant of Aphrodite.
Parthenos A goddess worshipped in the Anatolian Chersonnese. She was originally a mortal girl who fleeing from her father leapt into the sea and was transformed into a goddess by Apollon.
Pasiphae A witch and sister of Circe. She married Minos king of Crete and cast a spell upon so that he would kill his mistresses by issuing wild creatures in the act of lovemaking. She was later driven mad with desire for the Cretan Bull and disguised as a cow was mated with it and bore the Minotaur.
Pasithea One of the younger Charites and the goddess of hallucinations. Hera promised her in marriage to Hypnos, god of sleep, in return for a favour granted during the Trojan War.
Passalus (Passalos) One of the monkey-like Cercopes.
Pegaeae (Pegaiai) Naiad-nymphs of springs.
Pegasus (Pegasos) The fabulous winged horse and a son of Medusa born when she was beheaded by Perseus. He became the bearer of Zeus' thunderbolts on Olympus.
Peirene A naiad daughter of the river Asopus and nymph of the spring Peirene sprung from the tears she shed at the death of her son by Poseidon.
Peitho One of the Oceanides, Peitho was the goddess of persuasion. She was the nurse and close companion of Aphrodite.
Pelionides The Nymphs of Mt Pelion who nursed the infant Centaurs after they were born.
Pemphredo One of Graeae.
Penelopeia The Arcadian oread mother of Pan by Hermes.
Peneus (Peneios) A river of Thessaly and its god.
Penia The female personification of poverty.
Penthus (Penthos) The male personification of grief.
Periboea (Periboia) One of the Oceanides and the wife of the Titan Lelantus.
Perseis One of the Oceanides loved by Helios.
Persephone Goddess of the underworld. A beautiful daughter of Demeter she was abducted by Hades to be his bride. Her mother brought famine to the earth forcing Zeus to let her return to the upper world for part of the year.
Perses The younger Titan-god of the hands of destruction.
Phaea (Phaia) The Crommyon Sow, a ferocious wild boar was slain by Theseus.
Phaeo (Phaio) One of the Hyades.
Phaesyie (Phaisyie) One of the Hyades.
Phaethon (1) A son of Helios who begged his father to let him drive the chariot of the sun. The boy was unable to control the fiery steeds and accidentally set the heavens and earth aflame until Zeus struck him down with a thunderbolt.
Phaethon (2) A son of Eos who was abducted by Aphrodite and made the guardian-daemon of her temples.
Phaethusa A daughter of Helios, she cared for her father's flocks on the island of Thrinacie.
Phales God of adultery, pedastery and the processional phallus. He was an attendant of Dionysus.
Phanes The golden-winged god of creation who hatched from the universal egg at the beginning of time.
Pharmaceia (Pharmakeia) A naiad daughter of Ilissus, her spring had poisonous powers.
Phasis A river of Colchis and its god.
Phaunus (Phaunos) A forest-god and attendant of Dionysus, the Greek equivalent of the Roman Faunus.
Pheme The female personification of gossip.
Pherespondos One of the three satyr messengers of the god Dionysus.
Pherusa (Pherousa) One of the Horae and the goddess of substantial farm estates.
Phiale One of the attendant nymphs of Artemis.
Phigalia A dryad after whom the Arcadian town of Phigalia was named.
Philinnion A dead Corinthian woman who rose up from her tomb at night to haunt a handsome young guest of her parents. She is regarded as a one of the "proto-vampires".
Philodice (Philodike) A naiad daughter of the river Inachus who married a Messenian king.
Philophrosyne The goddess of kindleness, friendliness and welcome.
Philotes / Philia The personification of affection and friendship.
Philyra (Philyre) One of the Oceanides. Cronus lay with her but was caught in the act by Rhea. He thereupon transformed himself into a stallion as a disguise. Philyre's son, the centaur Chiron, was born part horse part man.
Phobus (Phobos) The god of fear and an attendant Ares.
Phoebe (1) (Phoibe) The elder Titan-goddess of answering intellect and the wife of Koios the Titan of the quesioning intellect. She also held the great oracle of Delphoi in the age of the Titanes.
Phoebe (2) (Phoibe) A dryad loved by the Egyptian king Danaus.
Phoenix (Phoinix) A fabulous bird whose egg hatched in flames.
Phoetius (Phoitos) One of the Gigantes slain by Hera in the Gigantomachia (Giant War).
Pholus (Pholos) One of the centaurs and a son of Silenos. He entertained Heracles with wine which drew the other centaurs to his cave. While Heracles was driving them off Pholus dropped one of Heracles poisoned arrows on his foot and died.
Phonoi The personifications of murders.
Phorcys (Phorkys) An ancient Sea-God and ancestor of most of the monsters of mythology.
Phthonus (Phthonos) The personification of jealousy and envy.
Phusis The ancient personification of Nature.
Phylonoe A Spartan maiden granted immortality as an attendant of Artemis.
Pistis Godess of trust, honesty and good faith.
Pitane A naiad daughter of the river Eurotas loved by Poseidon.
Pitys A dryad who fled from the embraces of Pan and was transformed into a pine-tree - a plant ever after sacred to the god.
Plataea (Plataia) A naiad daughter of the river Asopus after whom the town of Plataea is named.
Pleiades The seven mountain-nymph daughters of Atlas. They were pursued by the lusty giant Orion for seven years, but were saved by Zeus who placed them in the sky as a constellation.
Pleione One of the Oceanides loved by Atlas. She and her daughters the Pleiades were pursued by the lusty giant Orion for seven years.
Pleistus (Pleistos) A river of Phocis and its god.
Pluto (Plouto) One of the Oceanides and a Titaness, Pluto was the goddess of wealth. She was the mother by Zeus of the greedy Tantalus.
Plutus (Ploutos) The god of wealth. He was blinded by Zeus so that he would distribute wealth indiscriminately and not favour only the good.
Poenae (Poinai) The female personifications of retaliation.
Polemus (Polemos) The personification of war. He may be the same as Ares.
Polyboea (Polyboia) A Spartan maiden granted immortality as an attendant of Artemis.
Polybotes One of the Gigantes pursued by Poseidon who crushed him beneath Nisyrus a piece of the island of Cos.
Polymnia The Muse of hymns.
Polyphemus (Polyphemos) The man-eating Cyclops who was blinded by Odysseus.
Polyxo An Egyptian naiad.
Pompe The godess of religious processions.
Pontus (Pontos) The ancient personification of the sea.
Ponus (Ponos) The personification of hardship.
Porphyrion King of the Giants. In the giant-war he tried to rape Hera but was slain by Zeus and Heracles.
Porus (Poros) The male personification of expediency.
Poseidon One of the twelve great Olympian gods, Poseidon in the divisions of the world was given lordship over the sea. He was also the god of earthquakes and floods and the lord of all the Rivers and Seas.
Potameides Naiad-nymphs of rivers.
Potamoi The River-Gods, sons of Oceanus. Each river on earth had its god. They appeared as men with the serpentine tails of fish.
Pothus (Pothos) God of sexual longing. He was one of the winged Erotes.
Praxidicae (Praxidikai) The goddess exacters of justice named Homonoia and Arete.
Pracidice (Praxidike) The goddess exacter of justice.
Praxithea An Attic naiad and wife of the Athenian king Erechtheus.
Priapus (Priapos) A god of gardens, bees, goats and sheep, Priapus appeared an ugly little satyr with enormous genitals.
Proioxis The battlefield personification of onrush.
Prometheus The younger Titan-god of forethought and the creator of mankind. He cheated the gods on several occasions on behalf of man including the theft of fire from heaven. As punishment Zeus chained him to a mountain and sent an eagle to feed on his liver. He was later freed by Heracles.
Pronomos One of the three satyr messengers of the god Dionysus.
Prosymna A naiad daughter of the river Asterion, who with her sisters Euboea and Acraea acted as nurse to Hera.
Proteus An old sea god and the herdsman of Poseidon's flocks of seals. He was once captured by the hero Menelaus despite assuming many forms.
Protogonoi The first born divinities who made up the very fabric of the universe - Phanes-Khronos (Time), Khaos (Air), Gaia (Earth), Tartaros (Hell), Ouranos (Sky), Pontos (Sea), Nyx (Night), Erebos (Darkness), Hemera (Day), Aether (Upper Air). They each consisted of their own element but could also manifest themselves in anthropomorphic form.
Protogenos The first born, a title of Phanes or Khronos the god of time.
Psalacantha (Psalakantha) An Icarian Nymphe who fell in love with the god Dionysus and attempted to drive away his beloved Ariadne. The god was wrathful and transformed her into a plany-plant.
Psamathe One of the Nereids. Goddess of sand, she was loved by the hero Aeacus.
Psecas (Psekas) One of the attendant nymphs of Artemis.
Psyche (Psykhe) A mortal princess loved by Eros. She married the god and after many trials was apotheosized into an immotal goddess.
Ptelea The Hamadryad nymph of the elm tree.
Ptocheias (Ptokheias) The goddess of beggary.
Pygmies (Pygmaioi) A tribe of two-foot tall men who were constantly at war with the migrating cranes that settled in their African home each winter.
Pyriphlegethon The underworld river of fire and its god.
Pyrrhichus (Pyrrhikhos) The leader of the Curetes in their shield and spear dancing.
Pyroeis God of the star Mars.
Python A mighty serpent formed out of the sludge following Deucalion's flood. He was set by Themis to guard her oracle at Delphi but was killed by Apollo who took over the oracle.
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Rhadamanthys A famous mortal lawmaker and son of Zeus who was made one of the three judges of the underworld and lord of the Elysian Islands upon his death.
Rhea (Rheia) The elder Titan-goddess of the fertility of the female body who was worshipped as the great Mother of the Gods. When her husband Cronus swallowed each of her children as they were born, she hid the youngest Zeus in a cave in Crete, where he grew up to bring about the overthrow of his father.
Rhanis One of the attendant nymphs of Artemis.
Rhode A sea-nymph daughter of Poseidon who became the wife of Helius the sun god.
Rhodope A naiad daughter of the river Strymon of Thrace. She married Haemus king of Thrace and the two initiated a cult calling themselves Zeus and Hera. As punishment they were tranformed by the gods into mountains.
Rhodus (Rhodos) A daughter of Poseidon and Aphrodite.
River-Gods Each river had its own fish-tailed, horned god.
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Sabactes (Sabaktes) The Daemon 'Crash' who plagued the craftsman potter.
Sagaritis A naiad loved by Attis, the consort of Rhea-Cybele. The goddess slew her upon learning of their affair.
Salamis A naiad daughter of the river Asopus loved by Poseidon who carried her off to the island of Salamis.
Salmacis (Salmakis) A Naiad of a spring near Halicarnassus. She fell in love with the youth Hermaphroditus, and following a misinterprated prayer to the gods, their bodies were merged as one.
Samia A naiad daughter of the river Maeander and wife of a king of Samos.
Sangarius (Saggarios) A river of Phrygia and its god.
Satyr of Argos (Satyros Argios) A satyr who attempted to rape the maiden Amymone but was caught in the act and chased off by the god Poseidon.
Satyrs (Satyroi) Mountain spirits who represented the fertility of the wilderness. They appeared as men with the ears and tail of an ass. The goat-legged satyrs were known as Panes and the elder ones as Sileni.
Scamander (Skamandros) A river of Troy and its god. In the Trojan War he rose up against Achilles who was slaying Trojans in his waters but Hephaestus sent a great flame and dried up his stream.
Sciapodes (Skiapodes) A tribe of Libyan men who had a gigantic foot which they raised above their heads to shade themselves from the hot Saharan sun.
Sciron (Skiron) The demi-god of the North-West Wind.
Scylla (Skylla) A monstrous many-headed man-eating monster who dwelt in the cliff opposite the whirlpool Charybdis.
Selene Goddess of the moon. Her famous love Endymion was granted immortality in the form of a eternal sleep.
Sileni (Seilenoi) Elderly drunken satyrs in the train of Dionysos.
Silenos (Seilenos) An elderly drunken satyr companion of Dionysos.
Simoeis A river of Troy and its god.
Sinoe An Arcadian Nymph who nursed the infant Pan.
Sinope A naiad daughter of the river Asopus carried off by Apollo to the Black Sea where the town of Sinope was founded and named after her.
Sirens (Seirenes) Monsters with the heads of women and the bodies of birds. They dwelt on the island of Anthemoessa and lured sailers to their death with their irresistable song. The only man to hear their song and live was Odysseus who had himself bound to the ship's mast, in frustration the Sirens leapt into the sea and drowned.
Sirius (Sirios) God of the Dog Star.
Sithnides Naiades of the springs of the city of Megara.
Smaragon The Daemon 'Smash' who plagued the craftsman potter.
Sophrosyne Goddess of moderation and discretion.
Sose An Oreiad prophetess loved by the god Hermes.
Sosipolis A child-god worshipped as the city-protector of Elis.
Soter The saving god.
Soteria The goddess of safety and recovery.
Spercheides (Sperkheides) The naiad daughters of the river Spercheus.
Spercheus (Sperkheios) A river of Malis and its god.
Sphinx A monster with the head of a woman, the body of a lioness and the wings of an eagle. She killed herself after Oedipus guessed her riddle.
Sphragitides Oreiades of an oracle on Mt Cithaeron.
Sponde The seventh of the twelve Horai (Hours), she was the goddess of the hour of libations (after lunch).
Sterope One of the Pleiades loved by Ares.
Steropes One of the three ancient Cyclops.
Stheno One of the two immortal Gorgons.
Stilbe A naiad daughter of the river Peneius who was loved by Apollo.
Stilbon God of the star Mercury.
Strymo A naiad daughter of the river Scamander.
Strymon A river of Thrace and its god.
Stymphalian Birds A breed of man-eating birds which haunted Lake Stymphalus in Arcadia. One of Heracles labours was to drive them from the lake.
Styx The eldest of the Oceanides and the only female river-god. Hers was the famous underworld stream, the Styx. She took her children and sided with Zeus in the Titan-War, he then gave her great honour by making her waters the inviolate oath of the gods.
Suntribus (Suntribos) The Daemon 'Shatter' who plagued the craftsman potter.
Sybaris A vampiric Lamia who preyed upon the men of Phocis.
Syce (Syke) The Hamadryad nymph of the fig tree.
Syceus (Sykeus) The Titan-god of the fig-tree who was hidden from Zeus beneath the earth by his mother Gaia.
Symaethis (Symaithis) A Sicilian river-nymph loved by Pan.
Symaethus (Symaithos) A Sicilian river and its god.
Syrinx A naiad loved by Pan. She fled from the embraces of the god and was transformed into river reeds. From her plant Pan crafted his famous pipes.
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Talos A bronze giant constructed by Hephaestus to guard the island of Crete. It was slain by the magic of the witch Medea.
Tanagra A naiad daughter of the river Asopus after whom the town Tanagra was named.
Taraxippus Isthmian (Taraxippos Isthmios) A phasma (or ghost) which haunted the race-course of the Isthmian Games and frightened horses during the chariot race.
Taraxippus Nemean (Taraxippos Nemeios) A phasma (or phantom) which haunted the race-course of the Nemean Games and frightened horses during the chariot race.
Taraxippos Olympian (Taraxippos Olympios) A phasma (or ghost) which haunted the race-course of the Olympic Games and frightened horses during the chariot race.
Tartarus (Tartaros) The ancient personification of the storm-wracked pit of Tartarus which lay beneath the earth and was the prison of the Titans. He fathered only one child, the monstrous Typhon.
Taygete A Pleiad loved by Zeus.
Telchines (Telkhines) Magicians and sea-gods, the mysterious Telchines were the foster-parents of Poseidon.
Telesphorus (Telesphoros) The god of curing illnesses.
Telesto One of the Oceanides and the female personification of success.
Telete The female personification of consecration.
Telphusa (Telphousa) The naiad of the spring of Telphusia in Boeotia.
Telphusia One of the Erinyes who was the mother of the Cadmeian dragon by Ares.
Tereine A Thracian Naiad loved by Ares.
Terpsichore (Terpsikhore) The Muse of choral dancing and singing.
Tethys The elder Titan-goddess of nursing the young. She was the wife of Oceanus and bore him 3000 Cloud-daughters and 3000 River-sons.
Teumessian Fox A fox destined never to be caught which ravished the countryside of Thebes. The hero Cephalus set his dog Laelaps to caputre it, a beast was destined never to fail to catch its target. Zeus perplexed by the contradiction in fate turned both to stone.
Thalassa The ancient female personification of the sea.
Thalia (1) (Thaleia) A daughter of Hephaestus she was impregnated by Zeus. Fearing the wrath of Hera she prayed to be swallowed up by the earth. Her sons the Palici later emerged fully grown from the ground.
Thalia (2) Goddess of festive good-cheer, one of the three Charites.
Thalia (3) (Thaleia) The Muse of comedy.
Thallo The Hora of Spring and the goddess of the budding green shoots of plants.
Thanatus (Thanatos) The personification of non-violent death.
Thaumas An ancient Sea-God, father of many winged daughters.
Thea (Theia) The elder Titan-goddess of sight and mother of the Sun, Moon and Dawn.
Theai The ancient greek word for "goddesses".
Thebe A naiad daughter of the river Asopus loved by Zeus and abducted to Thebes.
Theiosa One of the Oceanides who with her sisters Hagno and Neda reared the infant Zeus.
Thelpusa (Thelpousa) A naiad daughter of the river Ladon after whom the Arcadian town is named.
Themis (1) The elder Titan-goddess of custom, tradition and order. She held the oracle at Delphi after Gaia and before her sister Phoibe.
Themis (2) A naiad daughter of the river Ladon loved by Hermes.
Theoi The ancient greek word for "gods".
Theoi Einalioi The Gods of the Sea. Most of these were attendants of Poseidon, the Ruler of all the Seas.
Theoi Georgikoi The Gods of Agriculture. Most of these were attendants of Demeter, Queen of the Fertile Earth.
Theoi Khthonioi The Gods of the Underworld. Most of these were attendants of Haides, the great Lord of the Underworld.
Theoi Mystikoi The Gods of the various Mystery cults including the famous Eleusinian and Samothracian Mysteries. They were a combination of Theoi Georgikoi and Theoi Khthonioi who jointly presided over agriculture, the fertility of the earth and the path to a happy afterlife.
Theoi Nomioi The Gods of Rural Lands and Wilderness. Most of these were attendants of Dionysos, Lord of the Vine, and Artemis, Queen of the Wilds.
Theoi Olympioi The twelve great Olympian Gods (and their offspring) who presided over the personal and public lives of men and civilisation in general.
Theoi Ouranioi The Gods of the Sky. Most of these were servants of Zeus, the great King of the Heavens.
Theoi Titanes The Titan-Gods who presided over the basic forms and natures common to both man and beast. They were superseded by the Olympian Gods who represented the superiority of civilised man over the primitive animal.
Theres The ancient greek word for "monsters" and "beasts".
Theres Aithiopes Many fabulous beasts were believed to inhabit the semi-legendary lands of Ethiopia (Sub-Saharan Africa) - from Dragons, Pegasi and Sphinxes, to the Catoblepas, Yale, Leucrocota, and Amphisbaena.
Thero The Thracian nurse of Ares.
Thesis An ancient being, Thesis was the spirit of creation.
Thetis One of the Nereids and their unofficial leader. Peleus seized and held her despite her shape shifting and made her his wife. She bore him the hero Achilleus.
Thoon One of the Gigantes he was clubbed to death by the Moirae in the Giant-War with their clubs of bronze.
Thoosa The sea nymph mother of the Cyclops Polyphemus.
Thrace (Thrake) A goddess-nymph and sorceress of Thrace. She had sons by Cronus, Zeus and Briareus.
Thrassa A Thracian nymph daughter of Ares.
Thriae (Thriai) Nymphs of mount Parnassus who were goddesses of divination by pebbles and birds of omen. They may have had the form of women with the bodies of bees.
Thronia A Thracian naiad loved by Poseidon.
Thyia A naiad daughter of the river Cephissus. She was the first to worship the god Dionysus and celebrate orgies in his honour.
Thyone / Semele The mother of Dionysus. She was immolated by the lightning of Zeus after being tricked by Hera into making Zeus promise to appear to her in his full glory. Her son Dionysus later fetched her up from Hades to join the gods on Olympus.
Thysa Goddess of the orgiastic frenzy that seized the followers of Dionysos. She was a daughter of the god.
Tisiphone One of the three Erinyes.
Titanides Female Titans. The six daughters of Uranus were named Rhea, Themis, Thea, Mnemosysne, Tethys, Phoebe. They remained neutral in the Titan-War and were not cast into Tartarus like their brothers. Many of the daughters of the Titans were also called Titanides - such as Dione, Leto, Hecate.
Titans (Titanes) The six sons of Uranus (Oceanus, Coeus, Crius, Iapetus, Hyperion and Cronus) who overthrew their father Uranus. They were in turn overthrown by Zeus at the end of a ten year war and cast into Tartarus (except for Oceanus who remained neutral in the conflict). It appears that they were later released by Zeus and settled in Elysium. Some of their sons and grandsons were also called Titans.
Tithorea A dryad after whom the Phocian town of Tithorea was named.
Tityus (Tityos) A giant who attempted to rape the goddess Leto. He was slain by Apollon and sentenced to eternal torture in Hades.
Tra****s (Trakhios) One of the one-eyed giants called Cyclopes.
Triptolemus (Triptolemos) The agricultural-god of the threshing-floor. He was an attendant of Demeter who was given a golden chariot drawn by winged dragons by the goddess to spread knowledge of agriculture throughout the world.
Triton A sea-god and herald of Poseidon who had the tails of fish in place of legs.
Tritons (Tritones) Fish tailed sea monsters named after the god Triton and similar in appearance.
Tritopatores The gods of the ethereal wind that carried the souls of babies to the mothers' womb at conception.
Trochilus (Trokhilos) The agricultural-god of the grinding-stone, used for turning husked grain into flour.
Troglodytes A tribe of underground-dwelling men.
Troiades The river naiads of Troy's surrounding rivers.
Trophonius (Trophonios) A man who was swallowed up by the earth and transformed into an oracular Daimon.
Tyche (Tykhe) The Okeanis goddess of fortune.
Tychon (Tykhon) A fertility daemon and attendant of Priapus.
Typhon (Typhoeus) An immortal hundred-headed, serpent footed giant spawned by Gaea to overthrow Zeus. He defeated Zeus in battle and bound him in a cave. Zeus was freed and struck Typhon down with thunderbolts burying him beneath Mount Aetna, where he still belches forth fire.
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Upis (Oupis) An Hyperborean nymph attendant of Artemis.
Urania (Ourania) The Muse of astronomical writings.
Uranus (Ouranos) The ancient personfication of the sky, which was thought to bea solid dome of bronze. He was the first ruler of the universe but was castrated and deposed by his son Cronus.
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Xanthus (Xanthos) An immortal horse, given to Peleus as a wedding present.
Zagreus (Zagreos) A young son of Zeus who the god placed on the throne of Olympus and armed with lightning bolts. The Titanes snuck into the divine fortress, seized the boy-god and cut him into pieces. Zeus took the heart and fed it to his mortal love Semele and from this Dionysos was born.
Zelus (Zelos) God of rivalry, he sided with Zeus in the Titan-War and became one of his attendants.
Zephyrus (Zephyros) God of the gentle West-Wind.
Zeus King of the Gods and greatest of the twelve Olympians. He was god of the heavens, weather, fate, and kings.

10 Kings of Atlantis By Riven & Atlante
The 10 Kings of Atlantis.
by Riven and Atalante
1Atlas (high mountain,to bear>sky)
Nw Africa Morocco,Berbers,Meshwesh,Pharusii).
2.Gadeirus (country plain,evergreen) (Greek=Eumeleus=rich in sheep)
Iberia,Spain,Portugal.
3.Ampheres (to rest,at both sides)
Italy,Sicily,Sardinia.
4.Evaemon (fortunate woman)
Algeria,Tunisia,Libya (Atalantes,Garamantes,Ammonium,Capsian)
5.Mneseus (from a Trojan)
Crete (Minos,Amnisus)
6.Autochthon (earthborn)
Peloponnesia,Attica,Cyclades.
7.Elassipus (horse riding)
Turkey (Phrygia,Ionia,Caria,Ephaesus)
8.Mestor (NNE middle)
Phoenicia,Syria (Byblos,Tyre)
9.Azaes (Heat)
Mauretania (Azas,Azamor)
10.Diaprepes (relating to God,highly distinguished) Egypt,Nubia,Ethiopia.
The Founders -
Poseidon (Sea God, Land God, EarthShaker) Cleito’s lover.
Evenor (primeval firstborn) Cleito’s Father
Leucippe (White Horse,Spartan surname) Cleito’s mother
Cleito (emperor’s favorite) Acropolis hill, Atlantis Royal City

Egyptian King's List
The Turin Papyrus (Gardiner, 1987; Smith, 1872) lists ten kings who ruled during the "reign of the gods," complimenting the partial list provided to us by Manetho. But most importantly, it confirms Manetho's record. Below is a list of god-kings from the Turin Papyrus, with Manetho's alongside:
PTAH. . . . Hephaestus
RA . . . . . . Helios
SU. . . . . . . Agathodaemon
SEB . . . . . Cronos
OSIRIS . . Osiris
SET. . . . . . Typhon
HORUS. . . . . . .
THOTH. . . . . . .
MA . . . . . . . . . .
HORUS . . Horus

Let me start with the first, and the non controversial, matchup between Egyptian deities and Atlantis deities.

Hephaestus is Ptah. There is no room for doubt on that match.

Having a military caste allowed the Ancient Athenians to go to war against the Ancient Atlanteans.

The consort of Ptah is Sekhmet, who is the vengeful (=militant) aspect of Hathor.

This symbolism suggests that cities are constantly warring with each other, and need a strong offensive or defensive military caste. (As I commented above Plato suggested that Ancient Athens and Atlantis had strong militaries, from the very beginning.)

quote from:http://www.crystalinks.com/cat.html
The Goddess Sekhmet - A lion-headed goddess of war and battle of Memphis. She is the power that protects the good and annihilates the wicked. Sekhmet is the wrathful form of Hathor (goddess of joy, music, dance, sexual love, pregnancy and birth). With leonine head, female human body and the strength of her father, she is the noontime sun - intense blinding heat. Sekhmet is the triad goddess of Memphis with her husband Ptah, god of arts and crafts. Nefertum was their son and the third member of the triad. Ptah is the creative potter-god who shaped the world and heavens assisted by the seven wise worker dwarfs of Knemu

Some of the Egyptian gods should be easy to correlate. I'm actually doing research now on 5 cultures for my next novel. What I want to do is connect the 5 sets of Atlantean twins to the 5 root races. This will allow for a realistic novel and also allow me to expand my list of characters to include some major bad guys. Right now, the cultures I'm aiming at are:
Clovis Indians or Mayan (red race) Not sure which one yet though.
Egyptians (black race)
Sumerian (brown race)
Greek (white race)
Jomon (yellow race)
These, of course, are the five races described by the Egyptians as being in existence at the time. Not necessarily the ones that actually existed but these are the ones I will most likely be using. This is by no means set in stone yet either as I haven't got to that part of the book yet so if you have a suggestion to expand this list or improve it, I'm all ears.
That would look funny wouldn't it? hehee

Aabit- A singing Goddess (siren possibly)
Ami-Neter Another singing goddess
Hesa- singing goddess (siren possibly)

In Greek mythology the sirens lived on rocks which barely protruded above the sea, and lured sailors to their death.

Oddyseus was the only sailor who survived after listening to the songs of the sirens.

For example, it is now supposed that 15% of the people in Europe today have DNA from the "root race" which you are calling the Greeks (i.e. the farmers of 9500-6500 BC).

And about 85% of Europe's people were remnants from other cultures which had entered Europe before the last great Ice Age.

However, I believe that Egypt was more closely tied to Ogdoads (groups of 8) rather than 10.

I can demonstrate a way to get Egytian mythology "reverse engineered" to cover the period LONG before the Era of the Egyptian Ennead gods. But it is tied to units of 8. not 5 or 10.

Heh is the Egyptian god of infinity. I think his heiroglyph contains the symbol for "million". There were 8 junior Heh deities which held up the (infintely) distant
corners of the sky.

Heh and his consort Hauheh created the cosmic egg which hatched into Ra the sun.

Those 8 "junior Heh deities could easily be treated as 8 primitive societies which came into existence at the time the cosmic egg hatched.

In the following link there is a nice picture of the 8 junior Heh's. They work in pairs, with a pair to support each of the four corners of the sky-Cow.

quote from: http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/heh.htm
Heh was also eight different gods - like Hathor and the seven Hathors - who were believed to support the great celestial cow in the heavens.

Here is an excellent link for explaining Heh and his junior heh's. http://www.recoveredscience.com/const105hehgods.htm

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Around 1860, a well-known French Egyptologist Marquis d'Argain discovered a strange looking ring in the excavations of the Valley of the Kings in Egypt. The ring, several thousand years old, was adorned with geometric ornaments which were placed and balanced according to some very special arrangement. According to d'Argain, the ring originated in the ancient city of Atlantis.

Another famous Egyptologist, Arnold de Belizal, later inherited the ring . He was a well-known expert in radiesthesia, the science concerned with the energy of shapes. De Belizal's found that the ring emits electromagnetic waves capable of creating 'energy fields' which work as a force of energy. This energy protected the wearer, gave him increased psychic abilities and the ability to heal, and brought the person good luck.

One of the famous people who were convinced about the protective properties of the Atlantis Ring was an American archeologist Howard Carter, who felt that because he wore the ring he survived all other participants of the expedition investigating the grave of Tutankhamun.

Atlantis Rings is a metaphor for the spirals / rings/ harmonics of consciousness that move between our grid reality and that of the Atlantean program.

The ring is blue and gold as those are the colors of alchemy - gold=metal of transition and blue=electricity - we are electromagnetic in nature - the blueprint of our reality.

The phrase 'Atlantis Rings' - looks much like 'Atlantis Rising' - the return of consciousness to higher grid harmonics.

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Traces of Coca from South America have been found in Egyptian mummies. Mummies in the Egyptian-style have been found in Peru. A model reed ship in a Bolivian museum is identical to a drawing of a reed ship on a cave in the eastern Egyptian desert. The Babylonian symbol for a ship has been found carved on rock in Peru. A Mediterranean-style amphora exists in a museum in Bolivia.

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Ancient Egypt Link with Australia
An Article by Paul White - 1996

After 5,000 years Australia's Amazing Hieroglyphs still struggle for recognition.

Egyptian hieroglyphs found in New South Wales:

The hieroglyphs tell the tale of early Egyptian explorers, injured and stranded, in ancient Australia. The discovery centres around a most unusual set of rock carvings found in the National Park forest of the Hunter Valley, 100 km north of Sydney.

The enigmatic carvings have been part of the local folklore of the area for nearly a century with reports of people who sighted them as far back as the early 1900's.

The site was secretly visited by families "in the know" in the 1950's and fell back into local mythology for a couple of decades until it was accidentally rediscovered by a man looking for his lost dog.

The carvings are in a rock cleft, a large block of split sandstone on a cliff-face that has created a small chasm or "chamber" of two flat stone walls facing each other that widens out from two to four metres and is covered in by a huge flat rock as a "roof" at the narrow end.

The cleft is most cave-like and only accessible by a small rock chute from above or below, well disguised from the average bush-walker.

When you first come up the rock chute and climb into the stone hallway you are immediately confronted by a number of worn carvings that are obviously ancient Egyptian symbols. These are certainly not your average Aboriginal animal carvings, but something clearly alien in the Australian bush setting.

There are at least 250 hieroglyphs.

At the end of the chamber, protected by the remaining section of stone roof, is a remarkable third-life sized carving of the ancient Egyptian god "Anubis", the Judge of the Dead !

The hieroglyphs were extremely ancient, in the archaic style of the early dynasties.

This archaic style is very little known and untranslatable by most Egyptologists who are all trained to read Middle Egyptian upward.

The classic Egyptian dictionaries only handle Middle Egyptian, and there are few people in the world who can read and translate the early formative style.

Because the old style contains early forms of glyphs that correlate with archaic Phoenician and Sumerian sources one can see how the university researchers who saw them could so easily have thought them to be bizarre and ill-conceived forgeries.

The ageing Egyptologist Ray Johnson, who had translated extremely ancient texts for the Museum of Antiquities in Cairo eventually was successful in documenting and translating the two facing walls of Egyptian characters - which stemmed from the Third Dynasty.

The rock walls chronicle a tragic saga of ancient explorers shipwrecked in a strange and hostile land, and the untimely death of their royal leader, "Lord Djes-eb".

A group of three cartouches (framed clusters of glyphs) record the name of "RA-JEDEF" as reigning King of the Upper and Lower Nile, and son of "KHUFU" who, in turn, is son of the King "SNEFERU".

This dates the expedition just after the reign of King Khufu (known in the Greek as "Cheops" reputed builder of the Great Pyramid) somewhere between 1779 and 2748 BC.

Lord Djes-eb may have actually been one of the sons of the Pharaoh Ra Djedef, who reigned after Khufu.

The hieroglyphic text was apparently written under the instruction of a ship's captain or similar, with the corner glyph on the wall displaying the title of a high official or chief priest.

The scribe is "speaking for his Highness, the Prince, from this wretched place where we were carried by ship."

The expedition's leader, as mentioned before is described in the inscriptions as the King's son, "Lord Djes-eb", who came to grief a long way from home.

The hieroglyphics sketch his journey and his tragic demise: "For two seasons he made his way westward, weary, but strong to the end.

Always praying, joyful, and smiting insects. He, the servant of God, said God brought the insects.

Have gone around hills and deserts, in wind and rain, with no lakes at hand.

He was killed while carrying the Golden Falcon Standard up front in a foreign land, crossing mountains, desert and water along the way.

He, who died before, is here laid to rest.

May he have life everlasting. He is never again to stand beside the waters of the Sacred Mer. MER meaning "love".

There was a moat around the pyramid called the "waters of Mer".

The second facing wall, which was much more seriously eroded, details the tragedy further.

This wall begins with the badly eroded glyph of a snake (Heft), with a glyph of jaws (to bite) and the symbol for 'twice'.

The snake bit twice.

Those followers of the diving Lord "KHUFU", mighty one of Lower Egypt, Lord of the Two Adzes, not all shall return.

We must go forward and not look back.

All the creek and river beds are dry. Our boat is damaged and tied up with rope.

Death was caused by snake. We gave egg-yolk from the medicine-chest and prayed to AMEN, the Hidden One, for he was struck twice."

Burial rituals, prayers and preparations are described.

"We walled in the side entrance to the chamber with stones from all around. We aligned the chamber with the Western Heavens."

The three doors of eternity were connected to the rear end of the royal tomb and sealed in.

We placed beside it a vessel, the holy offering, should he awaken from the tomb.

Separated from home is the Royal body and all others.

The extraordinary 5,000 year-old story of the death and burial of "Lord Djes-eb" one of the sons of the Pharaoh Ra Djedef.

Visual observation of the site makes it obvious that the very worn carvings exposed to the coastal weather would have to be several centuries to a thousand years old at least.

When first found the site was completely overgrown with thick vegetation and filled in with smashed rock and a much higher soil line.

A number of excavation attempts by interested parties have not turned up any artefacts or bodies but sophisticated and expensive laser scanning techniques have not been applied.

There is significant evidence that the ancients were well aware of the Great South land.

There were both Sumerian and Mayan traditions of a "lost motherland" in the Pacific.

Australia appears under the name of "Antoecie" on the famous spherical world map of Crates of Mallos, even appearing on the Greek map of Eratosthenese in 239 BC.

It seems fairly certain that the maritime civilisations of antiquity were quite capable of extensive ocean voyages.

Particularly the early Egyptians, as evidenced by Giza's remarkable "Tomb of the Boat".

In the 1950's, a streamlined 4,500 year old hundred foot, ocean going vessel was excavated from right next to the Great Pyramid.

In 1991 an entire fleet of even older boats was found buried in the desert at Abydos in Upper Egypt.

According to Cairo Times, in 1982, archaeologists working at Fayum, near the Siwa Oasis uncovered fossils of kangaroos and other Australian marsupials.

And there's also the strange set of golded boomerangs discovered by Prof. Carter in the tomb of Tutankhamen in 1922.

Sketches of the Rock Art

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Egyptian Relics in Australia?

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The Gympie Ape - A stone ape statue possibility 3000 years old. The statue was unearthed in 1966 on Mr Dal K. Berrys Wolvi Rd property. The ape is made of conglomerate iron stone and shows a squatting ape figure. It is believed to represent the Egyptian God Thoth in ape form.

A smaller stone idol unearthed near the Gympie Pyramid is also believed to represent the Egyptian God Thoth in ape form clutching the Tau or the Cross of Life. This statuette is badly weathered with age. Thoth was the god of writing & wisdom, depicted as an ape by the Egyptians untill about 1000 BC when he became an Ibis-headed human bodied diety who recorded the judgement of the souls of Amenti, the after world. Thoth's symbol was the papyrus flower.

An ancient Terraced Hill at least 6000 years old has been found on the outskirts of Gympie off Tin Can Bay Road. The Pyramidal structure is 100 foot high and consists of a series of terraces up to 4 feet tall and eight feet across constructed of small and larger lumps of stone.It was recorded by the first white man into the area in the 1850's.

A very small statuette of a squatting ape was found by Widgee Shire workman Mr Doug George from near Traveston crossing. Mr George picked up the rock while working near the bridge. This is also believed to be Thoth in ape form.

Unearthed at Noosaville on the Sunshine Caost, was an ancient Egyptian Jade Ankh or 'Cross of Life'

Toowoomba: A group of seventeen granite stones were found with Phoenecian inscriptians. One had been translated to read "Guard the shrine of Yahweh's message" and "Gods of Gods". Another inscription reads, "This is a place of worship or Ra" and "Assemble here to worship the sun." Ra was the Egyptian sun god.

Rex Gilroy in 1978 identified ancient Masonic Egyptian symbols among aboriginal cave art several miles from the 1910 Ptolomy IV coin discovery site.

An Egyptian sundisc was discovered in 1950 carved into a cliff. The carving featured the outline of a chariot, showing one of its wheels.

Near Bowen carvings were found on rocks which looked like Egyptian heiroglyphs.

A scarab beetle carved from onyx was dug up near the Neapean River outside Penrith (NSW). Also at Penrith a 50 foot stepped pyramid exists. West of the Blue Mountains (NSW) a similar 'stepped pyramid' to the Gympie example exists. Although constructed of huge granite blocks stands about 100 feet tall.

In the central NSW late last century a cult was recorded among the aboriginals who worshipped a sky being called Biame. The soul judging functions of Biame were parallel to those Thoth who in Egyptian mythology conducted the spirits to Osiris, The god of the Dead, for judgement.

Beside the Hawkesbury River, very old aboriginal rock art depicts strange visitors to the continent, including people looking like Egyptians.

Aboriginal tribes of the NW Kimberley's still worship a mother-goddess identical to that once worshipped by Gympie district tribes and which resembles that of ancient middle east peoples. Kimberley tribes also include some groups bearing apparent middle east racial features and speak many ancient Egyptian words in their language.

n 1931 in the N.W. Kimberley's, Prof. A. P. Elkin, Professor of Anthropology at Sydney University came upon a tribe of Aborigines who had not met a white man before. The professor was astounded when tribal elders greeted him with Ancient Secret masonic hand signs. He was struck by the startling sematic features present in the natives. He discovered the Aborigines worshipped the sun. They also had an earth mother and Rainbow Serpent Cult. Later he discovered many of the words spoken were of Egyptian origin. This is the area of the famous Wandjina Cave Art. According to legend the Wanjina came from across the Indian Ocean in great vessels.

The Tjuringa sacred stones of the Kimberley region include a sun symbol identical to that of the Aten. The solar deity worshipped in Egypt around 1000 BC. In Atonist art, the Sun was depicted as having little hands that reached out to touch mankind. There was an Egyptian God named Aton connected to Akhnaton

Arnhem land and Torres Strait peoples mummified their dead. On Darnley Island in Torres Strait, natives mummified their dead by removing their stomach contents. Then extracted the brains by making an incision through the nostrils with a bone instrument. After inserting artificial eyes of pearl shell, they embalmed the corpse and rowed it 2 miles westward out to sea in a canoe shaped like the 'Boat of Ra' of the Egyptians, for internment on an island of the dead. As if to imitate the Egyptians who ferried their dead across the Nile to the West bank tombs.

The natives of Arnhem Land also believed the soul was conducted to the after life in a canoe rowed by Willuwait the boatman of the dead. If the deceased had led a good life he was allowed to enter Purelko, the afterworld. If not, he was eaten by a crocodile. This belief is identical to the teachings of the Osirian religion of Egypt where Thoth conducted the spirits of the dead into the presence of Osiris for judgement. Here if the souls sins were outweighed by a feather, the body was devoured by the crocodile God Ba.

In 1875 the Shevert expedition retrieved a mummified corpse and an example of the canoe used in funerary rites from Darnley Island. World renowned medical scientist Sir Raphael Cilento who examined the corpse stated the incisions and method of embalming to be the same as those employed in Egypt during the 21st to 23rd dynasties over 2900 years ago.

On New Hanover Island, off the tip of New Ireland in 1964, an administration medical officer, Mr. Ray Sheridan discovered what appears to be the remains of an ancient sun-worshippers temple of Egyptian style. Among the monolithic stone blocks there was an idol, facing the rising sun with features half human, half bird it stood 6 feet tall and weighed four tons. Near there Ray Sheridan found the carving of a wheel complete with hub. The ruins reminded him of ancient Sun-worship temples he had seen in Egypt during WWII.

In 1931 Australian Anthropologist, Sir Grafton Elliot-Smith examined mummified remains in a New Zealand cave. He identified the skull as being that of an ancient Egyptian at least 2000 years old. A gold scarab was also dug up in the district on another occasion. His papers seen to have mysteriously disapeared from The Australian Acadamy of Science Library in Canberra.

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