Little surprised you didn't also include the festival of Samhain (Sow-en) meaning Summer's end celebrated on Oct 31 and Nov 1.

Which we know as Halloween and All Saints Day.

As darkness overwhelmed the world, the days grew short, and the earth became barren and cold and the veil between the mortal and the supernatural was temporarily drawn aside. Samhain is the beginning of the Celtic new year. This is the time when the rising of Pleiades, heralds the triumph of night over day. Now it is the “time of the little sun” and the portion of the year which is ruled by the realms of the moon.

In the three days preceding the Samhain, the God of Light Lugh, dies at the hand of his Tanist, who is himself as the Lord of mis-rule. Lugh then passes through the veil between the worlds on Samhain. The Tanist is a stingy and harsh King who while shining brightly in the skies gives no warmth to the land. He cannot warm the north wind which is the breath of the Crone, Cailleach Bheare. This is indicative of the cyclic harmony of seasonal dominance which teaches us that neither Life nor Death can ever hold permanent sway.

This is one of two times in the year when the veil between this world and Otherworld, the Shield of Skathach, is at it’s thinnest. For this reason it was a time of divination. This day was considered to be a day that did not exist. Because of this the Spirits of the Dead and those yet to be born of the clan walked freely amongst the living.

Lugh the God of Light.
Tansit, stingy harsh King.

Osiris
Set
Eye of Ra
Horus

Day of destruction and rebirth.

The Myths like the Flood stories both portray the demise of Atlantis in cloaked azure robes.

Sideways, the B sound was not to be found in Linear B script, yet quite strongly from the Celtic fields, Iberia, Barbarian, Beleus and Belus 1 in Egypt.

Ta, again relating to Tara,Taranto,Tanis, Egypt and of course the Tagus River valley people that gazed upon the Atlantean armour of Gadeiros.

Pieces of Egypt have been found all along these west med coasts and as we have seen with Crete, the strong ties with Egypt, not to mention the Atlantis legend linking the oldest date of mergence between the Pelasgians and Egyptians around 8570 bC. Because not only was this when they met, but also when they began to their knowledge. Atalante has shown us that 1280 years we are over 2 million in populous. Putting us around 7290 bC from Egyptian entrance. That leaves 808 years for Egyptian growth until 6482 bC when the skies opened. The Pharaohs should go back to 5000 bC in time also with the Malta Temples.

Even more evidence in a sense towards the migration of Thoth and contributing benefactors to the Sea Peoples of Antiquity and the important role of Gadeiros, Ampheres,and Autocthon along with the ancient Celts,Italians and Greeks which were the link between Europe and Asia/Africa, hence their darkened curly hair. O'PA!

Sad thing is that Atlas and Gadeiros never saw each other again most likely until they were reunited in the Halls of Hades near the Phlegreaean fields.

That is probably the reason why the Heroes like Herakles and Ulysses and great poets like Virgil,met there, in honor of Gadeiros and Atlas.

I wonder if Virgil has a piece of Atlantis with him in his Tomb?

quote from: http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Strabo/4B*.html

Now the most of the ocean-coast of the Aquitani is sandy and thin-soiled, thus growing millet, but it is rather unproductive in respect of the other products. Here too is the gulf which, along with that Galatic Gulf which is within the coastline of Narbonitis, forms the isthmus (itself too, like the latter gulf, having the name "Galatic"). The gulf is held by the Tarbelli, in whose land the gold mines are most important of all; for in pits dug only to a slight depth they find slabs of gold as big as the hand can hold, which at times require but little refining; but the rest is gold dust and nuggets, the nuggets too requiring no great amount of working.
endquote

Its written Lör-dag/Laur-dag/Laugar-dag.
Dag means day. Lør/Laur/Laug refers to "Lødg" which refers to the old, "ritual" bath, including a sauna/swet-lodge, steam and fresh green-leaves are part of a thorough procedure.

In the north - where outdoor swimming had a very short season, the importance of heated baths were highly important to the hygene. Consequently we find an ancient custom of the weekly bath. The tradition can still be found all over Scandinavia and Russia still today. Today also Canadians do Sauna in the winter, while the Inuit-Canadian still may make a swet-lodge. And we still do it on that very same day, namely the SATURDAY, the "universial cleaning-day".

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Then there is another side to the name of the days, - and the culture thereof.

While Lördag (""Saturn-day"") is the day for cleaning, the afternoon for relaxation and the nigth for pleasure - Söndag/Sundag/Sunday is the day for the worship of the Sun. Simply. In a society of a natural ("rational") philosophy the Sun was seen as the one-and-only-absolute-major-prime of our existence. Which it still is seem to be.

So we still have SOME few clear traces of the old culture still existing - among the older cultures of rural Eurasia, too. Like a language still in use - that actually explains what used to be the foremost objects of "worship". Like we still adress the Sun-day for joyous, celebrative and recreative social events.

The next day is (still) named after the Moon, Mån-dag/Monday - in tribute to our closest universal neighbour - and the ruler of ebb and tide.

Tis-dag/Tuesday is named after the female aspect - as of the Earth itself. Tis- relates directly to the Di- and Dis-/Disa, that used to be "the name and the game" for the most healthy and beutiful among women, -elected to become the stem-mothers to the next generation of the procreation process.

Ons-dag/Wedensday refer to Oden, and Oden alone. According to the first letter it describes The Ring, and by that the principle of a All, namely The All. Also called Ev-Ri-Thing, where Ev- is evolve/evolute, Ri- means "again-and-again" and "thing" is simply what is concepted as It, also called; "Das Ding an Sich"...

Furthermore, - Oden is also the name of the first land populated - and home to the first (and "highest") of all families esxisting. Thus we have the old All-father as "Gubben Oden". Today his icon can be seen in the figure of Santa Claus...

Tors-dag/Thursday is named after the norse phrase "Tor". In todays history, mainly based on the annals of the religious conqueror - the phrase "Tor/Thur" used to be "a Norse God".
Well, - there is really no signs from modern archaoloigy that have occured, so far, that may confirm that old Eurasians ever exercised the salutation or worship of a non-visible, not even detectable entity. Not before the "second comming" of the Roman empire, as the Holy German-Roman Empire, run by the Vatican, managed to (re-)conquer all of Eurasia, between 985 and 1066, when the last Viking fall. Since then the principle of "Tor" - meaning "Two-some"/"Two Together", as in uni-fi-cation.

The principle of Tor used to be a general direction for the social education in ancient days, as it refers to the "making of friends/friendship" and especially to a "best friend" as to develop a most sincere and deep relationship. To-R (Two-Rs/beings) indicates that the principle was
applying to friends of the same sex. So Thursday should be The Day for excercising relations and keep up with close friendships.

Here's the list with the cross references to the Greek:

code:

---

Sumerian          Greek
Alulim            Aloros
Alagar            Alaparos
Enmeluanna        Amelon
Enmengalanna      Ammenon
Dumuzi (Tammuz)   Daozos
Ensibzianna       Amempsinos
Enmenduranna      Euedorachos
Ubardudu          Opartes
Aradgin           Ardates
Ziusudra          Xisuthros (Sisythes)

---

Are these Greek names the same as the Ten Kings of Atlantis list only a different aspect or are they different kings altogether?
Thanks for the info.

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I'm just here for the research!

It could be compared to an Atlantean state where the Aquitanes roamed North of Italy to France along the Appenines. Their neighbors the Massiliots were also comparable with there seafaring lifestyle that was preferred and more secure to them rather than farming. The Venicians,would be ancestors to them. These people would be a trading partner with Tartessos.

The one flood story I'm having a hard time with is the Nordic creation of the world as it seems to be the only Norse flood myth available. I'm seriously considering using the Ragnarok story as my basis for my story as it seems to involve basically the same ideas.
Here's a portion of it and my comments in parenthesis:
Jormungand, the Midgard serpent, will rise from the deep ocean bed to proceed towards the land(sunamis?), twisting and writhing in fury on his way (ocean's churning), causing the seas to rear up and lash against the land (deluge?). With every breath, the serpent will spew venom (volcanic ash?), staining the earth and the sky in poison.

What's your take on that?
The search continues.

------------------
I'm just here for the research!

Hesiod claimed that these two deities were the first of the so-called "Younger Olympians". And the later greeks simply followed Hesiod.

But I have never been satisfied with the notion that Artemis (goddess of wilderness, and of hunting) was born on a tiny island like Delos, where there was no forest-wilderness, and where there were few wild animals.

I have to expect that both Artemis and Apollo were "borrowed" by Greek myths from some other culture, and then given a misleading birth-story, which connected them to a purely Greek island (Delos).

Celtic myths contain a more realistic source for Artemis and Apollo.

The Celtic goddess Arduina, who personified the Ardennes forest, is a good candidate for the original Artemis. The Ardennes forest is located in the modern countries of Belgium and Luxemburg, and generally stretches between Paris France to Cologne Germany. http://concise.britannica.com/ebc/article?tocId=9355740

The Celtic god Abellio, who reigned at the mouth of the Garonne river in southwest France, is a good candidate for the original Apollo. http://www.mandrake-press.com/content/Articles/Definitions/celticmythbeings.html

In the above link about Celtic deities, you can observe that Abellio was a god of apple trees. And I think its obvious that, in a variant spelling of his name (i.e. Abelionni), this deity provided the original framework for the (mythical King Arthur's) land of Avalon.

Based on the citation from Strabo, which I gave a few days ago, the tribe of tarBELLI lived in the land of the god Abellio, and they easily extracted large lumps of shiny stuff (i.e. gold? or apples? or orichalc?) from the ground.

In an intriguing twist of fate, the famous 5th century AD Dumnoni warlord named Riothamus (=the earliest legendary Arthur), retreated to this region and died here (=avalon, or Bordeaux) after Rome had requested him to invade continental Europe (468-469AD) and fight against the Visigoths. http://www.kessler-web.co.uk/History/KingListsBritain/ArmoricaHighKings.htm

I feel that their origin was from elsewhere as well, but I am thinking farther north. The Bock saga site www.bocksaga.de offers this:

From Leo Nygren...(parentheses are mine)

HYPERBOREAN VIRGINS
AND THE MESSAGE

A strange thing is to be seen, even today, in the holy island of Delos, which is in the middle of Cyclades and of Greek archipelago, in the Aegean Sea.

There are two graves of hyperborean virgins in that island.

Even their names are known, Opis and Arge, in one grave.
Two others are Laodice and Hyperokhe, in another grave.
And theirs are the only graves left in that island, after it was purified by removing all other bodies out of by 400 BZ. (before zero)

But let’s begin anew.
According to Herodotus:

Two virgins were sent from Hyperborea to bring gifts to the goddess and protector of childbirth, Eileithyia.
Their names were Laodice and Hyperokhe.
Five men, called ”perferies”, were sent with them as guardians for a long and arduous trip.
They came VIA the land of Scyths, which was northwest of Black Sea, where Ukraine is today.(Therefore, down the river-system)
From there to the head of Adriatic sea and thence to the mainland of Greece, through the island of Euboia and finally to Delos.
Those four hyperborean maidens remained in Delos the rest of their lives, as priestesses, in the temple of Artemis, and there they also died.
They were highly respected for many centuries.
When Delian youngsters got married, both girls and boys cut a lock of hair and placed it on the grave of Laodice and Hyperokhe, To ask for easy deliveries and healthy babies.
An olive tree grew on the grave when Herodotus saw it, at 450 BZ.

But Delians told him that two maidens, named Arge and Opis, had come there first, from Hyperborea, at the same time with the two gods, Artemis and Apollo.
Arge and Opis had come to help and assist Leto with the delivery of the two gods.

(I am thinking that, as priestesses of Apollo and Artemis, they BROUGHT the information-of worshipping the two gods, with them from the far north)

They were respected by a choir that sung a song a Lycian man, named Olen, also said to be Hyperborean, had composed for them, during the festivals that were held every fourth or later every fifth year.
Their names were repeatedly mentioned in that song.
When an animal was sacrificed, it was eaten mostly but the hind leg was burnt on the altar and the ashes were spread to the grave of Arge and Opis.

But this is important, Arge and Opis brought with them a message, bronze plates in which were written the joys and grievings of Paradise and Hades.

This story is to be found in the writings of Plato:

In his book number seven, he writes what Sokrates had told to his friend Aksiokhos.
Sokrates mentions the story he had heard from a man named Gobryes.
The grandfather of this Gobryes had been sent to the island of Delos to save the valuables from the marauding Persians, in the year when they were invading Greece, 480 BZ.

This here is the text of the bronze plates;

”Soul goes to the land of shady light after parting from the body, deep underground, (the Lemminkainen Temple, now being excavated in Finland?) where Pluto rules as a King, areas which are as large as the halls of Zeus.
When the Earth is in the center of universe, and universe is like a ball, gods of the Sky rule one half and the gods of Hades rule the other half.
Other gods are brothers, and others are the children of brothers.
On the road to the outer court of Pluto there are iron gates which are closed with iron keys.
When gates are opened, first Acheron and then Cocytos rivers must be crossed to get to the fields of truth where Rhadamanthys and Minos wait for you.
There the judges ask what kind of life you have lived when the soul was still within you.
(Rhadamanthys judged the Asian people, Minos the European.)(Leo's parenthesis)
There you cannot lie.
Those who have obeyed the voice of good consience, go to the fields of blessed.
There fruits grow in a mild climate, clean rivers flow and fields are full of springtime flowers.
Philsophers talk, plays are being acted, choirs dance and music is being played.
There are no pains, life is full of enjoyments, the weather being not too cold, nor extreme hot, but the sunshine warms pleasantly.
Festivals are being held any time, no reason is needed for them.
Front seats are reserved for those who are engaged to the Mysteries, there they perform the holy rites.
The story tells that right here Herakles and Dionysos were initiated in to the holy Mysteries before they stepped down to the land of Hades, and that it was the Queen of the Eleusian Fields who encouraged them to do so.

But those who have led a criminal life go to the dark caves of Tartaros where the spirits of revenge take hold of them.
There the daughters of Danae endlessly scoop water and Tantalos suffers from unending thirst, Tityos, who’s mutilated organs just keep growing forever and Sisyfos, who pushes a big boulder uphill to start it anew time after time.
There the tongues of beasts lick them and the flames of the torches burn them.

Just figure it yourself, Aksiokhos, what Gobryes told me.
My own thinking is in doubt, but I do know that when souls part from us they are out of reach of pains.”

This is the text of the bronzeplates that Arge and Opis had brought with them from the land of Hyperborea, as told to Sokrates by Gobryes.
These plates are no more to be seen because barbarians stole all metals later on, but we are lucky to see the texts from the writings of Plato.

Were these maidens, Arge, Opis, Laodice and Hyperokhe Finns or the descendants of the Hyllean people who had emigrated from the island of Corfu to the Cronian Sea (adjacent to Finland), we will never get to know, perhaps.

But the writing of those bronze-plates describing the conditions of Paradise and Hades were most probably from Hel.
Herodotus wonders that even in his time, 450 BZ, those graves were to be seen in Delos.
But they are still there today, well kept and marked, in the maps too.

But when were those virgins buried there?
Three vases have been found in their graves beside the bones during the excavations.
They have been dated to be made at the Mycenaean time, 1600–1200 BZ.
Herodotus says that Herakles lived 900 years before him.
That would be about 1350 BZ.
It could be assumed that Hyllean people emigrated to the (Mediterranean) Cronian Sea at about 13th century BZ, or earlier, and that Hyperboreans sent those virgins to Delos soon after.

The question is; how did they know anything at all about Delos?

They must have known the importance of that island and the way to get there much before.
Messengers had been sent from Hel to Hellas by the (original zero)meridian, which is the direct route, in time immemorial, as is told in the Bock Saga.

Herodotus tells also that a hyperborean man named Abaris had traveled widely without eating anything at all carrying an arrow(symbol of the breeder) with him??
What story is hidden here, we don’t know, and Herodotus is too shy to tell.

But here we can use the ”Rot” language, trying to find out.
A-BAR would mean a naked, under his tunic, Aser man, ("IS" probably added later) carrying the arrow, which would mean that he was the ”breeder”.

But when Hyperboreans realised that the virgins they sent never came back they ceased sending any people to bring offerings, instead they gave the gifts to a neighbouring nation which sent them to a next one until they reached Delos at the end.
The gifts were always wrapped in wheat straws.
Herodotos tell’s that still in his time women from neighbouring islands brought gifts that were wrapped in wheat straws, to the temple of Artemis.

Hyperborea is by Greek mythology an area north of northwind, where there is eternal springtime and constant sunshine, that is; the land of Uden, in Finland.

Another question is, why Delos?
Was it because Knossos in Crete and the Minoan culture had been devastated by the huge tsunami or wave (or ash-fall, as has now been proven) at about 1500 BZ which was caused perhaps by the explosion of the volcano at Santorini, or Thera?
This seems possible.

LETO, APOLLO AND ARTEMIS,
THE BIRTH OF GODS

Zeus, the king of gods, had copulated with Leto, the daughter of the titans Coeus and Phoebe.
She became pregnant and Hera, the wife of Zeus, was as jealous as ever.
She forbade all lands to receive Leto and her children.
Leto flew on the wings of southwind praying for a plot of land to allow her to come, with no success.

Asteria, the maid of the skies, had flown down and was swimming around Aegean Sea without stopping anywhere.
She felt sorry for Leto and promised to let her land there after Leto had given assurances that the gods she is going to give birth would never leave that island and that she will shower lustre and fame to it.
Then the island, that had been called A-Delos, invisible, by the mariners, stopped and was immediatly anchored fast by Zeus and ever after it was called Delos, visible.
(I am searching through F. Vinci's material for a suggestion as to the northern location of this story.)

There Leto landed but she had no-one to help her.
For nine days she was in pains because Hera had threatened anybody not to aid her in the delivery.

(Here is a clear resemblance to the Kalevala, the Finnish mythology.
In it, the Aerian Maid had flown down to swim in the sea, and while resting, kept her knees above water.
The bird ”Sotka” flew around looking for a place to nest, without finding any, until she saw the knee jutting above water.
She laid eggs, six golden and one iron, in the nest she had built on the knee of the Aerian Virgin.
Later she moved her legs and the eggs fell to the water, breaking up.
One of them broke in two halves, of which one half became land and the other sky.
But the Aerian Virgin spent nine years in the water before she started making lands; islands and peninsulas, for the vegetation to grow and people to live on... Leo Nygren)

Leto gave birth to Apollo and Artemis, the immortals, after Arge and Opis were sent there to help her with the delivery, which took place along the shores of the sacred lake, under a palm tree.
(The lake has been dried out but a palmtree still grows there.)

Apollo, the sungod with a golden hair, was born and he became protector, and god of music and other arts, as well as prophecy. He is also said to be the son of Hephaestus, the smith-god, and that he brought the laws to Arcadia.
He was also connected to the development of intellectuality, philosophy, astronomy and medicine.
There he practised with his bow and arrows and played with his seven-string lyre.
The music he played was said to have therapeutic effects.
(Check the Kalevala, poem 41, same story...L.N.)

Artemis, Apollo’s sister, became a virgin goddess, a protector of hunters as well as wild animals.
She was also the patroness of motherhood and deliveries.
(Again a connection to Bock Saga...L.N.)

Later on temples were erected for both of them and lavish celebrations were held every fourth, or later every fifth year.
Delos became famous just as the birth-place of Apollo and Artemis.(Perhaps the birth-place of the KNOWLEDGE in the Mediterranean area)
The fame lasted there nearly 1500 years.

These symbolic stories were the way to tell to the people about the beginning of the world and life.

Notice the syllable ”RA” in the names of He-ra-kles and He-ra.

THE (HI)STORY OF DELOS

Delos is a small island, just about five kilometers long and one and half wide.
It is relatively flat, only 112 meters high Mount Kynthos rises in the middle of it.
It was the center of religious, political and commercial activities for nearly 1500 years.
It’s size was not proportional to it’s importance at all.
It is situated right in the middle of Cyclades and also of Aegean Sea, between mainland Greece and Asia Minor.
And from Crete to Lemnos.

* * *

The excavations made by the French Archaeological School of Athen’s have revealed the ruins of the first settler’s houses on the slopes of Mount Kynthos to be from the early Cycladic, the Carian period, at the 3rd millenium BZ.
Next populations there were the Mycenaeans, 1600–1200 BZ, on the more level ground on the north-west corner of the island.
It was during the Mycenaean time when the Hyperborean virgins came there to bring the bronze-plates in which were written the details of Paradise and Hades.(the Mycenaeans migrated from the far-north)

Ionians had invaded the eastern side of the Aegean Sea and the archipelago at about 1200 BZ.
They were the ones which started the holy quadrennial festivals, the Delia, to honor Apollo, Artemis and Leto, their mother, no later than on the 7th century BZ, at least.
Some scholars believe that Ionians may have perpetuated even more ancient tradition that they acquired from the Carians who inhabited these islands before the great Ionian migration.

* * *

According to Greek mythology, Apollo had a son, Anios, who became the king of Delos, and the first high-priest of the sanctuary of his divine father.
Anios had three doughters, Elais (Olive girl), Spermo (Seed Girl) and Oeno (Wine Girl), who received from Dionysos, one of their divine ancestors, the gift of producing olive oil, grain and wine at will.
When Agamemnon was on the way to punish Troyans for the abduct of Helena, the then most beautiful woman in the world, by Paris, he had wanted to take these girls, with him to supply his forces with food but Dionysos transformed them into doves, in order to save them, which is why doves were held sacrosanct ever after in Delos.
It was forbidden to hunt them.(It is asserted by F. Vinci in HOMER IN THE BALTIC that Troy or Toija was in Finland.)

Aside from being the birthplace of Apollo and Artemis, Delos was also the centre of the very ancient cult of the fertility goddess known as Great Mother Earth, marble idols of whom are found in virtually every Bronze-Age grave in Cyclades.

Artemis was the successor of this goddess, as well as the protector of wild animals.
She was also considered to be the protectress of childbirth and motherhood, which role she had inherited from Eileithyia, a goddess of Mycenaean era.

Delos was also held sacred because of Theseus, who had stopped there on his return from Crete where he had slain the monster Minotauros.
A crane dance was performed during the great Delian festivals in memory of his escape from the labyrinth with the aid of bundle of string which Ariadne, the daughter of King Minos, had given him because she had fallen in love with Theseus.
She advised Theseus to tie the end of the string to the entrance of the labyrinth and roll the bundle open as he went in, and at coming out, just to follow it.
(Logical for a woman in love to find such a simple solution...L.N.)

Geranos was the name Delians had given to that dance, which twisted to and fro and sideways as is the form of labyrinth.

(the oldest labyrinths on earth are in Finland)

Dancers had a white piece of cloth in their hands to mark the string which enabled Theseus to find his way out.
It is still being danced in Greece.
Another theory for the dance is that the dancers copied the zigzag flying of Leto when she tried to find a place to land for the childbirth.
Hera had employed the snake Python to chase her, so she had to twist here and there in order to avoid being caught.

But what happened to the daughter of King Minos later.
Theseus had given an oath to wed her if she helps him to find a way out of the labyrinth.
So he sneaked with Ariadne to his boat and hoisted the sails.
On the way they stopped on the island of Naxos to have a rest.(the island of Bornholm)
Ariadne also stepped on shore, laid down and fell asleep, but what did Theseus? He stole away with his crew.
Beautiful Ariadne woke up and seeing herself being left behind angered greatly.
But Dionysos saw her plight and rescued her, marrying her too.
Later on he raised her bridal crown to the skies as Aurora Borealis.

Great festivities were held in Delos every fourth year, to honor Apollo and Artemis.
Later on, during the Athenian domination, every fifth year.
They were sumptuous.
During the Theoria, as it was called, delegations from all Greek nations participated by sending envoys, called theoroi, to march in front of cavalcade of pilgrims and choirs that sung a song called Prosodion, to honor the immortals, Apollo and Artemis, and their mother Leto.
Treasurers followed, bringing gifts to the sanctuary and a golden crown to Apollo.
During the festivals choirs competed, actors played and poets recited.
Athletes would run in the stadium and even horse-races were being held for the first time.
Because it was forbidden to execute anybody during the festivals, Sokrates had to wait one month for his turn in an Athenian jail, at 399 BZ.
(That jail is still to be seen in Athens, by the way.)
Ceremonial oxens had been slaughtered at the beginning of the festivities, at the end they were eaten in a huge banquet.
The Geranos-dance was the highlight of the festival, it was danced in front of the Apollonian altar.

Athenians had come with the same black-sailed ship that Theseus had used on his Cretan trip.

Athenian tyrant Peisistratus ruled from 546 to 528 BZ and he ordered Delos to be ”cleansed” by removing all bodies out of their graves within the sight of the temple.
In 426 BZ the Athenians under Nikias carried out a more thorough purification on Delos by ordering the rest of all graves to be dug open and the remains to be transferred to a neighbouring, Rheneian island, into a so-called purification pit.
It was forbidden even to give birth or die in the holy island of Delos.

But the graves of the Hyperborean virgins were left intact!

After this last purification the games and festivities were ruled to be held every five years and they were more lavish than ever.

During the Classical and Hellenistic periods Delos was involved in some of the most important political events in history of ancient Greece.
During the invasion of Greece by Darius in 490 BZ the Persian fleet, commanded by Datis, first reduced Naxos and then attacked other islands but he spared Delos, leaving the island and it’s inhabitants unharmed.
Datis went ashore just to worship at the shrine of Apollo and Artemis, piling 300 talents worth of frankincense upon their altars and burning it as offering.
Ten years later Xerxes, the heir and son of Darius, attacked Greece again, crossing the Hellespontos with a huge army and navy, causing heavy losses to the Greeks.

(This is just the case and time Plato is referring to in his text where he tells how the grandfather of Gobryes, also by the same name, being sent to Delos to save the valuables and then reading the texts on the bronze-plates Arge and Opis had brought from Hyperborea, beyond ”north wind”)

A very strange episode happened in 421 BZ when Athenians expelled all Delians from the island.
As Thukydides writes; ”Next summer the year’s truce, lasting up to the Pythian games, came to an end.
During the armistice the Athenians expelled all Delians from the island, because of some crime committed during the purification of the island”.
Later on they were allowed to return after all.
In 404 BZ. Delos was liberated from Athenians for a short period, but 392 BZ. they took control of the island again.
In 343 Delians petitioned for a independence of Athenian control, to no avail.
The Greek armies were defeated by Macedonians at the battle of Chaeronea in 338 BZ. but they let the Athenians to govern Delos as long as they remained Macedonian’s allies.

The situation in Delos changed greatly after the death of Alexander the Great, when Delos and other Aegean islands revolted against Athenian rule and won their freedom, under the protection of Ptolemy I Soter, the king of Egypt.
Delos became the capital of Ptolemaic League of the islands and that increased its importance as a financial centre.
Ptolemies were greatest graindealers of the time, annually they exported millions of bushels of grain.

But another era opened for Delos in the year 167 BZ when it was degreed a free port after Romans had taken control of the Greek world.
People came from Italy and from all points of compass, bringing their own gods and manners.
The population reached up to 25 000.
All kinds of goods passed through the hands of Delian merchants.
Most bizarre were perhaps the slaves that were sent from the port of Side.
As many as 10.000 slaves were passed and sold at the marketplaces, a day.
It was a wholesale market of slaves that were sold to the farms in Italy and other places.

But this spree didn’t last long.
At 88 BZ. The King of Pontos, Mithridates, attacked Delos and killed most of it’s inhabitants, taking the rest of them into slavery.
At 69 BZ. his ally, Athenodorus came to complete the destruction.
The importance of Delos was reduced to nil, it never again flourished.
Only some pirates kept it as their hideaway-place.
Athenians tried to sell it but there were no buyers.
At 5th century it was again called A-Delos, badly seen, because it was laid waste and was uninhabited.

At that state it remained until 1873 when the French Archaeological School in Athens began the excavations.
Scientific studies have continued up to this day and the history of Delos has been recorded quite well.
From 1950 on there has been organized travel from the nearby island of Mykonos, which is only about 10 km off.
In these days, from many other neighbouring islands too.

There is an Archaeological museum in Delos where the objects, that are found during the excavations, are on display.
Also those three vases, that were found from the grave of the Hyperborean virgins.
* * *

Dear reader, when you go to Delos, try to imagine the splendour and holiness of that island as it was during the Classical period.
When all the imposing temples and other buildings, constructed of white marble, were intact.
The holy way full of people going to and fro.
The pilgrims, traders, housewives and slaves all busy with their chores.
The huge marketplaces full of sellers and shoppers.

When you walk through the narrow alleys and byways, try to set yourself in to that life that had thrived there for such a long time.
Near the theatre you hear the doves chirping, remember then the daughters of King Anios; Spermo, Oeno and Elais.
Try to imagine the choirs singing to the Hyperborean virgins, Arge and Opis, beside their graves.
Or young couples cutting a lock of hair, the girls spinning it around a distaff, boys around some grass, and setting them on the grave of Laodice and Hyperokhe, in the hope of easy births and healthy babies.
And to the success of marriages, which seem to be ever so difficult to handle, no matter what is the time or culture you live in.
Go and see the theatre that was built to seat 5500 people.
There the actors had played and choirs sang the ”hits” of that time.
Only it is in bad repair but as the island of Delos, is degreed to be a museum, it has been left as it is. Buy a book that tells the whole history of Delos right from the gate when you enter the island.
There is a map which shows the important places, where to be found.
Even the graves of those holy Hyperborean virgins.

There are still some mysteries which we don’t know for sure.
Perhaps in the future science may be able to solve them yet.
For example, where did those Hyperboran Virgins came from?
In which nation they belonged to?

But in the meantime, when we go to see their graves, let’s have a quiet moment to honor them and the eon they represented.
Now that their story will become better known.

The ”Rot” language, revealed by Bock Saga, will give some new and concrete translations of the names of the gods, or the energies, employed here, and of the whole story of Delos.
Dionysos, for example.
Dion being the stem, -ysos probably added later to help the pronounciation.
DI meaning to ”drink” the sperm, also from man to man, when sacrificing it, as is explained in the Bock Saga.
”O” meaning ”Uden”, and ”N” is the North Pole.
The Dionysian mysteries must have been the fertility rites mentioned in the Mythology of Väinämöinen, where sperm was sacrificed from lower ”castes” men, to an upper caste man, in order to energize him, so that the breeder had enough energy to beget children, as is explained in the next part.

One of the Celtic Tribes I particularily like are the;

· Tuatha Dé Danann The doings of the mythical Irish fairy folk and gods, the Tuatha de Danaan, ("people/children of Danu" in Celtic; alternative: Tuatha Dé Danann) are detailed in the 12th century AD Book of Invasions.
Not much is known of the Tuatha de Danaan prior to their invasion of Ireland, other than that they came from four northern cities, Falias, Glorias, Murias and Finias, where they acquired their occult skills and attributes. On arriving in Ireland, some accounts state that they burned their boats behind them to prevent themselves from being tempted to return; the Book of Invasions states that they wafted in through the air as a host of spirits. Other sources state that they came from the west (Atlantic Ocean) on clouds.
They then fought two battles, the First Battle of Magh Tuiredh, on the west coast, in which they defeated the clumsy and ill-armed Firbolgs, the indigenous population, and the Second Battle of Magh Tuiredh against the Fomorians, after a guerrilla insurrection by the Fomorians. During this battle, King Nuada of the Tuatha de Danaan lost an arm. He was replaced (since he was no longer perfect) by Bres or Lugh. After defeating the Fomorians, the Tuatha de Danaan gave them Connacht and there was some intermarrying. Nuada had his arm replaced by a silver one (made by Dian Cecht) and took back the throne after Bres was exiled for his tyranny. Balor, the god of death, then killed him.
A third battle was fought against a subsequent wave of invaders, the Milesians, from Spain (who are thought to have been the Celts), led by King Milesius, who overcame the goddess, Eriu whom the Tuatha de Danaan sent against them. The Milesians were magnanimous in victory and named the island Erin, the dative form of her name, in her honour. Defeated, the Tuatha were led underground into the Sidhe mounds by The Dagda. Afterwards, they occasionally intervened in human wars on the side of justice and righteousness, armed with invisibility, flaming lances and magical white shields.
The Tuatha de Danaan fought against the witch Carman and her three sons.
Tuatha de Danaan:
§ Abarta
§ Abhean
§ Ai
§ Airmed
§ Beag
§ Be****lle
§ Bodb Dearg
§ Brea
§ Brigid
§ Cian
§ Creidhne
§ Dagda
§ Dian Cecht
§ Goibniu
§ Lear
§ Lugh
§ Luchtaine
§ Manannan mac Lir
§ Nuada
§ Ogma
The Tuatha de Danaan had four magical treasures:
§ Dagda's Cauldron
§ the Spear of Lugh
§ the Stone of Fal
§ the Sword of Nuada
http://www.mandrake-press.com/content/Articles/Definitions/celticmythbeings.html

Since they were also said to have come from the west Atlantic on "ships of clouds", I find it amusing to relate the Four Cities of Falias, Glorias, Murias and Finias as the Four Islands of Azores(Falias), Canaries (Glorias or Fortunate Isles), Murias (Madeiros) and Finias (Fire isle?)Cape Verde.

I did say amusing.

Without having studied,rockessence, where exactly would you say these cities are?

Sort of disturbing that they linked bees to rotting bulls - considering the role bulls played.

http://www.omplace.com/omsites/Pignut/bees.html

[This message has been edited by John_Sweat (edited 10-06-2004).]

This link says that the Hyperborean maidens came to Delos from a Hyperborea that was connected with Britain and the North Sea.
http://www.cassiopaea.org/cass/Laura-Knight-Jadczyk/article-lkj-04-03-06-f.htm

Whew, what a great link!!

Here is some material from Leo Nygren...Not exactly answering your question relating to the cities, but maybe useful anyway:

"The Alt-land-is time, or the Ice-age, ended ten thousand and sixteen years ago, counted from the year 2000 back, according to the Bock Saga.
But the Bock family lived one thousand years in Bockland, now Gotland, at the Baltic Sea, after the ice-age ended.
And a very important period that millenium was too for the whole world.
All lands were bare after the rush of the ice.
But slowly some vegetation and later some trees began to appear forming black earth which enabled living on the land.
Ior Bock told that people first gathered seaweed on the bare ground to fasten the black earth to form.
Still, at first people had to rely for fishing for the livelihood.

9016 years ago two sons of Pär (Sven and Dan) left to establish Svealand and Daneland, and several others to Crete and from there to Egypt, Arabia and Israel to start new centers there.
And that may have been the beginning of the high Minoan and Egyptian cultures.

Also Bock clan returned to the land of Uden 9016 years ago, to start everything anew there. (1000 AIA)
They built the houses and castles to follow the philosophy of Uden.
Bock family settled on the island of Vinö, some 70 km. west of Helsinki, from which is derived the name Väinämöinen.
The stories of Vin-ö, (ö meaning on island)
Also Vin-land, Finland. (Vin = sperm or seed)
(Vinland has been thought to be in North America, but that is wrong.)

The castle of Rasepuri, close to Vinö, being their winter residence.
Notice the ”puri” in the name of the castle, it was a fertilization centre. All ”puries” were such centers.
Now it is a popular place for summer concerts and festivities.

Life continued and flourished, also areas around Hel were populated.
Connections to the peoples that had lived outside Alt-land-is, were renewed.
Väinämöinen’s philosophy was spread to all countries again, as well as the stories of Alt-land-is.

(Plato got his news about Atlantis from Egypt.)

New wave of people left Uden’s land to settle to more southern latitudes, meeting there with previous settlers.

(British egyptologist A. Rosalie David states in her book ”Ancient Egypt” that at about 5000 years ago a new race of people invaded and settled in Egypt.
They were taller than the previous inhabitants and they started the first dynasty, and a high civilization of Egypt.
They also clashed with some Libyan tribes which were said to have red or blond hair and blue eyes. Py RA mids were built).

Nar-ra-tors and Ra-bies had left Got-land and Ö-land via the western part of Mediterranean Sea and established the Etruscan and Hellenistic cultures, also Basques and Celts.

Old fertility rites were continued but many nations had developed their own variations during the Ice-time, when there were no connections to the Uden’s land. Still there were many similarities left with the original one.

Most notably, when in pa-ra-dis-time women chose the men for themselves, now men began to select most beautiful women for their harems.
In the arctic regions fertility customs had to be adjusted to the weather system. Etc. etc."

From this website we can learn that the Fomorians (whose name meant under the sea) were the first inhabitants of Ireland. They settled the northern shores of Ireland. But they also extended east through the Hebrides islands, Scotland, and perhaps reached Norway. (These people may have come from Atlantis.) The traditional explanation is that the Fomorians came from Africa.

Evidently the Irish used calendar festivals to celebrate the prehistoric phases by which Ireland had become populated. I can demonstrate this by citing some info from the above website about the Nemed People, and the way they were celebrated on Samhain (Halloween).

quote:
Nemed was among the third wave of Invaders to Ireland. He travelled from Scythia near Greece. He travelled towards the right from the mountains of Ural until he came to the Ocean of the North then he turned left towards Europe until he came to Ireland with thirty four ships and thirty persons in each one of them. As he approached Ireland he was attacked by the Fomorians who had already laid claim to the Northern Islands around Ireland. Nemed won three battles over them and sent them back to their homes.

After they had settled on the northern region of Ireland, Nemed died of a sickness. Then the Fomorians took their revenge and enslaved the people of Nemed and oppressed them greatly. Conaing the Fomorian king had many ships at Tory Island in the north. He forced great tribute upon the children of Nemed, to the extent that two-thirds of their children, and of their corn, and of the milch cows of their region were taken by the Fomorians every year at the feast of Samhain.

quote:

---

From this website we can learn that the Fomorians (whose name meant under the sea) were the first inhabitants of Ireland. They settled the northern shores of Ireland.

---

I find this quite fascinating in relation to my proposal that there could possibly have been a culture that evolved off the Northern shores of Ireland as can be seen from a bathymetric map of the Atlantic off the NW coast of Ireland. Perhaps the early Neanderthals. You can see this map in my Tribes of Atlantis website;(Why did Atlantis disappear)
www.mts.net/~perasa

Docyabut, the kettle is still perking on the stove? No where was too far for the expert seamanship of the Atlanteans.

I have nothing to back it up with, but for some reason I've thought that Neanderthals could have done as you proposed. There's no reason why the coastal model of subsistence doesn't work for them also. Common sense would argue that stumping about on glaciers and living in damp caves isn't a smart idea.

Science has recently found the most probable major event in that era. Near Hudson Bay a huge glacier-lake, named Agassiz, ruptured and collapsed rapidly around 6450 BC. It caused a flood, while upsetting ocean circulation patterns, and affecting global climate for about 200 years.

Here is a news article about that 6450 BC flood event, which reportedly produced the most significant climate change in the last 10,000 years. http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/stories/s924714.htm

The Irish legends about Partholon are quite amazing. However, I want to skip over them for now, and provide some more background about the Fomorians and Nemed.

The Irish legend about Nemed claims that his people traveled overland from Scythia to the Baltic Sea, and then obtained 34 boats which transported Nemed's invaders to Ireland.

Here is a map of the so-called "Scythia" which was their point of origin. http://www.dacia.org/Dacian_Virtual_Museum/The_First/ca99/o7000/o7000.html

As you can see in the above map, archaeologists use the name Starchevo-Cris as the parent culture, out of which Nemed's people originated. And the Starchevo-Cris people originated around the 7th or 6th millenia BC.

It is known that there was one major outreach program from those cultures. Merchants from the "Vinca" culture travelled overland in the regions which are named for Nemed's overland journey. Vinca reached its peak of prosperity ca 4500-3800 BC.

However, in Irish myths, the people of Nemed do not seem to be Vinca merchants. Nemed's people seem to be adventurers.

If I understand the the Irish myths correctly, then the role which Nemed plays is to introduce agriculture to the northern regions of Ireland where the aborigine Fomorians had previously been a fishing culture. But the Irish myths tell us that Nemed's agriculturalists were quickly enslaved by older mesolithic culture of northern Ireland.

Recent scientific analysis has shown that ca 4000 BC, the lifestyles in Great Britain abruptly abandonned mesolithic-fishing and adopted meat-eating neolithic agriculture. Here is a link which reports that research. http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?click_id=31&art_id=qw1065950826638F262&set_id=1

So it is probably OK to date the mythical arrival in Ireland by Nemed's mythical people near 4000 BC.

In regard to Ireland itself, recent discoveries in county Antrim indicate that the earliest farmers came to northeast Ireland in boats from Scotland. Here is a link which reports the recent discovery.

quote from: http://www.guardian.co.uk/Archive/Article/0,4273,4582153,00.html
Ancient Irish farm unearthed
Rosie Cowan, Ireland correspondent
Guardian

Monday January 13, 2003

Road excavations in Northern Ireland have unearthed what appears to be evidence of the island's earliest settlers and first farmers.

As the diggers moved in to work on the Toome bypass, outside Toomebridge in Co Antrim, archaeologists found more than 10,000 artefacts, including stone age axe heads and flints from 9,400 years ago, through to bronze age times about 4,500 years ago.

Paul McCooey, of Northern Archaeological Consultancy, said the area was particularly significant because it was a rare transitional site, charting the change from the hunter gatherer life to farming, and providing a fascinating insight into how our ancestors lived.

"From the material we've uncovered so far, it seems farming in Ireland started about 200 years earlier than had previously been supposed," said Mr McCooey, who heads a team of 17 archaeologists working on the site.

"These people came to Ireland several thousand years after the last ice age, paddling across the Irish sea from Scotland in dugout canoes covered in skins.

"They were hunter gatherers at first. Then they appear to have settled on a drumlin [a hill formed by glacial activity] surrounded by fields which would have flooded when it rained."

The size of the houses - one was 12 metres in diameter - suggested that the settlement became permanent, rather than being a nomadic hunting camp. The inhabitants are thought to have fished and grown cereal crops.
endquote

In the above quote I want to call attention to the "bog" lifestyle of these earliest farmers. They intentionally planted in places which could flood during heavy rains. This strategy allowed the earliest fields to retain moisture during dry periods.

When the myths claim that the earliest settlers had to survive lakes that overflowed and flooded, we should recognize that most of those were more like "bogs", rather than the modern concept of lakes.

There is a strong likilihood that quinces were what the poets called "golden apples of the Sun".

Quinces are said to have originated in Persia and Anatolia. And the fruit can be grown in most climates, except those which are as cold as Scotland. Quince plants were adapted by Crete, before they were passed on to ancient Greece.

quote from: http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/q/quince04.html

The Quince has been under cultivation since very remote times. It is a native of Persia and Anatolia and perhaps also of Greece and the Crimea, though it is doubtful if in the latter localities the plant is not a relic of former cultivation. It is certain that the ancient Greeks knew a common variety, upon which they grafted scions of a better variety, which they obtained from Cydon in Crete, from which place the fruit derived its name of cydonia, of which the English name Quince is a corruption.
Botanically, the plant used to be called Pyrus cydonia, but modern botanists now place it in the genus Pyrus and assign it to a separate genus, to which the former specific name Cydonia has been given.
endquote

So it is not surprizing that, the Celtic mythic place called Magh Mell (island of quince-apples) is the the extreme southwest (warmest) corner of Scotland.

Moreover, the Celtic goddess of quince-apples was named Mell, and she lived in the Arran islands of Scotland. http://www.tartanplace.com/faery/goddess/mell.html

A strange woman appeared one day in Bran's kingdom and told Bran about dragonstones and other miraculous things.

Bran decided to go to sea, and to investigate what he had heard.

However, it is also possible that the author of this (700 AD?) document believed dragonstones were pieces of Amber, since Bran sails away to a place where fruits grow on underwater trees, and Bran's coracle boat glides on the water above those trees.

I have found a book which is able to "read" the pictographs which were left by ancient megalithic society. The book was published in 2002, so it is more recent than Edo Nyland's published material.

My new source talks about sailing in the Atlantic Ocean to Cape Verde Island, Iceland, etc.

First let me show you where one of the important incriptions was found.
http://www.heritageireland.ie/en/HistoricSites/East/LoughcrewMeath/

This region of Ireland was associted with Mannanan, sea-god of the Isle of Mann, and the Irish Channel.

Now that I have provided some background, here is a link which translates a pictograph from Loughcrew, Ireland, a pictograph which may have been written around 3200 BC.

quote from: http://www.geocities.com/howthesungod/webs11-CHAPTER4.htm#CHAPTER4

STONE C8, CAIRN T

This is a story in ideograms, a quantitative picture writing, actually the oldest written history on earth. It is a story of the attempts to reach the other side of the world, - that is, to cross the ocean (c.3300 BC). These images are a unique form of picture writing, and are the most historically important and most beautiful megalithic inscriptions in the British Isles. We consider them the second best in Europe, after the petroglyphs of Dissignac, Brittany. As in many other examples of cave and stone art, the natural shape of the stone has been used as part of the work, the surface of the stone being an endless sea that is now called the North Atlantic Ocean. As drawn in detail in Fig.1, note the coast of Europe on the right, Greenland in the north, and the other, unknown side of the ocean on the left. The proof of the story lies in the inscriptions themselves. Each figure represents a number. By adding the numbers, the actual and true degrees of latitude of the discovered land-points are obtained, and all in historical order!

STONE C8 (Figure 5)

A long time ago we travelled with a sailing boat (A) from the Strait of Gibraltar (A), via the Canary Islands (B) to Cape Verde (C) at 15° N (A+B+C=6+6+3=15). We wanted to cross (D) the North Atlantic Ocean (the surface area of the stone) at the latitude of the Tropic of Cancer, at 23° N (A+B+C+D=6+6+3+8=23), in honor of the SunGod Ra (D), but we were not able to do so. However, from Cape Verde we discovered the Cape Verde Islands (C) at 15, 16, and 17° N (B+D+C1+C2+C3=6+8+1+1+1). But still we were not able to cross the Ocean.

Later, we discovered from the Canary Islands (B), the two Islands of Madeira (E and F) at 33° N (A-F=33). At about the same time we discovered from the British Isles (G), west of Scotland (G'), the islet of Rockall (G''), at 57° N (A-G+G'+G''=41+8+8=57). These islands gave a little bit hope (E is a little sun, and G'' is a star).

Then, after some time we discovered from Madeira (E) the three island groups of the Azores (F, H, and I), at 37, 38, and 39° N (Aa+Ab+B+E+F+H+I=1+1+1+36). These islands lie in the middle of the Ocean (H and I are glyphs of the ocean with latitude lines and lines in the middle of them). But still we were not able to cross the Ocean!

Finally, we discovered from the Orkney's (J) at 59° N (A-H+J=50+9=59) the Faroes (K) at 62° N (A-I+K=58+4=62), and from the Faroes we reached the SE coast of Iceland (L) at 64° N (A-I+L=58+6=64). The sailing distances are only 4dl= 4x111= 444km (G'a= G'b= 4dl). Iceland (L) lies like the Azores (H and I) in the middle of the Ocean (L resembles H and I).

Thanks to the SunGod (M), we discovered from the NW peninsula of Iceland (L') at 66° N (64+L'=64+2=66) Cape Holm (M) at the SE coast of Greenland, which lies on the Arctic Circle (M) at 67° N (A-I+M=58+9=67). The sailing distance is 5dl= 555km (the waves go up and down 5 times). Cape Holm (M) can be reached from Cape Raven (M'), at 69° N (67+M'=67+2=69), in the easiest way.

From Cape Holm (M) we sailed 1° (N=1) to the south to the Eric the Rode Islet (N) at 66° N (67-1=66). Next we went 7° (N+O+P=1+1+5=7) south of the Arctic Circle to Cape Farvel (P), the south cape of Greenland, at 60° N (67-7=60). From there we went 1° (O=1) to the north to the SW Cape (O) at 61° N (60+O=60+1=61). But at these places we gave up (P, the little man).

THE ROOFSTONE (Figure 7)

The top right side shows that the sea SW of Iceland has been explored over a distance of 10dl=1111 km. To the south, this is until the north coast of Ireland. Besides we see the coasts of Cornwall (above), and of Brittany (below).

From the megalithic center of Brittany we sailed directly to the NW peninsula of Iceland (R) at 66° N (A-I+R=58+8=66), and next to Cape Holm (S) on Greenland at the Arctic Circle at 67° N (A-I+S=58+9=67). From there we sailed 1° (T=1) to the south to the Eric the Rode islet (T) at 66° N (67-1=66), and another 3° (U=3) to the south to Skjoldungen (U) at 63° N (66-3=63). Next we reached Cape Farvel (V), the southernmost point of Greenland, at 60° N (A-H+V=50+10=60). Finally, we arrived 6° (W=6) south of the Arctic Circle, at the SW Cape of Greenland at 61° N (67-6=61). The two lowest beams match the shape of the south coast of Greenland exactly! The upper edge of the stone represents the SE coast of Greenland. Inscription X has 3 distance lines and 6 beams at both sides, pointing towards the south of Greenland. This means that the coastal waters from 67° N to the SW Cape at 61° N (67-6=61) have been explored over 3dl=333km.

Below the "peninsula of Brittany" are the Flannan Isles (2dl) with below it the west cape of North Uist (Hebrides, Scotland), then the islet of St. Kilda (2dl), and finally in the west the Islet of Rockall (3dl). Rockall is located at 57° N (A-H+2+2+3=50+7=57). Around Rockall, the sea has been explored over 3dl=333km, which is the distance to St. Kilda, and to the north over an additional distance of 5dl=555km, which is till Iceland (R) at 65° N (57+3+5=65). To the west the ocean was explored over an extra 4dl=444km, which is a total of 7dl=777km (3+4=7).

At the right bottom corner on the stone, a little star Y indicates the point where the Tropic of Cancer leaves the continent of Africa at 23° N (A+B+C+Y=6+6+3+8=23). Here people wanted to cross the Ocean in honor of the SunGod, but they did not succeed in doing so!
endquote

Your article about Samhain mentioned that the shield or protectiveness of the goddess Scatach was weakest on Halloween.

When I follow-up this suggestion, it turns out that the mother goddess of the Scottish (Scatach, or Scotia) people was called Scatach, Scotia, or Saigh. Her counterpart in Greek myths is Benthesicyme (i.e. "daughter of the (Egyptian goddess)Sekhmet"). Here is a link which makes clear that Sekhmet is the name which is being referenced by the celtic name Saigh/Scatach: http://www.nuit.ca/resources/celtic/deity/s.html#scathach

The Greek mythology website of Carlos Parada points out that Benthesicyme was a daughter of Poseidon, who lived in Libya (Africa near Lake Tritonis), and who supported the people who attacked Athens in the Eleusinian war. http://homepage.mac.com/cparada/GML/Eleusis.html

Thus it turns out that the modern Scotch/Irish people are claiming to descend from a daughter of Poseidon, who once fought a war against Athens.

And since Scotia is described as the patroness of bronzesmiths, that can explain why she migrated to the Cassiteride islands where tin was being obtained.

Now lets change the topic to discuss Manannan ap Lyr (i.e. Manannan the "son of the Sea").

If we regard Manannan as a son of Poseidon, then he becomes interchangeable with Triton, who was said to be the foremost son of Poseidon in some Greek myths.

Both Triton and Manannan embody a joyful, mirthful attitude about sailing the sea. Mananan used a magical boat without oars or sails, which was called a "wave sweeper". And Triton used a corresponding magical boat which was called a "crayfish chariot".

Diodorus Siculus commented that the female-dominated Amazon society had dispersed from the region around Lake Tritonis before the time of the Trojan War.

So by combining the above thoughts, it would be logical to observe that the Scotch people claim to be descended from Diodorus's Amazons, and also from the Libyan half of the peoples who opposed Athens in the Eleusinian War.

And Triton was not only the sea-god of Lake Tritonis, for he was also the god of the Irish Channel (Manannan).

(The goddess Saigh; the city Sais. Is that a mere coincidence?)

To follow YOUR suggestion as well, in HOMER IN THE BALTIC Vinci identifies the Libyans with the ancient Livonians, who's district is presently divided between the current Esthonia and Latvia. Homer describes their attaching a special importance to livestock, which remains to this day in the descendants, who incorporate the animals in both weddings and funerals.

"Once the Achaeans migrated to southern Europe, they must have identified Baltic "Libya" with an African land(if this is so, then we should not find Egyptian documents mentioning this name before the 2nd millenium BC)."

The maps shown on the megalitts are absolutly astonishing. Because they definitly veryfy - and prove - a theory that arose in Norway some decade ago - as we found exactly made navigational charts, from the Bronze Age. There are two solid ones - containing 9 circles-on-cirles, each with their genuine reference of significant degrees according to maritime travel. The basic message from this and other recent findings from the west-coast of Scandinavia suggests that we had regular crossings to all islands in the N Atlantic - from midle Norway, - MORE than 2.300 years ago. This sure include sailings to Vinland, - the old Norse name for todays Virginia.

Norwegian author Kåre Prydz wrote many books about this. His best is "Westwards before Columbus", published 1991.

The key to understand HOW they managed to do such a round-trip is their basic understanding of the ocean currencies. That was quite impressive.

The key-locations of this Boat-People was the area just by todays Trondheim, - the third largest pilgimage of the middle ages. From here they reached The Orkneys and the Feroe Islands - which maded it possible to reach the southern tip of Greenland. Then onwards - with the Labrador stream, - nicely reached Virginia and even Cuba. To get home they went by the Gulf-stream. Which meant that they aimed for Ireland. Thus the Irish Sea, - as well as safe, steady and good harbours existed in Ireland. (Control of Ireland being the ONLY landing-place of the highly exotic goods that could be fetched in Meso-Amerika.)

---
Still today the keep their bonds to Norway, - their old origin and kingdom. Just like the English Crown Prince still to visit the Isle of Man, and be accepted, - before is is allowed to accept responsibility for the royal duties of the island - as substitute for the King of Norway.

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As result of this EVIDENCES it should be easy to accept that there are obvious paralelities - proving close connections - between west-coast Norway, - and all islands in the N Atlantic, including Isle of Man, Ireland, Greenland and Cuba/Haiti.

The southern part of this culture included Danes and English sailors, that traded with the Mediterraneans from 7.500 - 2.500 years BP. As prof. Barry Cunliffe have shown did the north-western culture (basicly Artical) and the Roman (basicly Tropical) - they excercised a fluorishing trade between these areas - in a solid balance with NO signs of strife, yet alone warfare. Before Rome changed - and suddenly attacked ALL of Europe, too.

It may seem that we are closing in on the origin of the mesolittic/neolittic "Boat People". Also known as the "Sea People".

A book is being published about the archaeology of Ross Island. http://www.killarney250.com/events.php?EID=38

The Celtic myths discussed the settlement around southwest Ireland, and said it was carried out by the fairy princess Cliodne, assisted by the sea God Mannanan. Here is a link which says Cliodne took 150 young women together with the kings of the Greek/Skythians and Indians, when she went to a legendary metal and marble city near Ross Island. http://www.tartanplace.com/faery/goddess/cliodna.html

The imagery associated with that initial mining effort at Ross Island resembles Solon's Atlantis story in several ways.

Cliodne is the equivalent of Cleito. And Manannan/Poseidon takes part in settling her island. Large stone buildings are said to be built. Metal working abounds in both stories. And the arsenical copper of the Ross Island mines can be said to resemble Solon's mysterial orichalc metal.

My impression is that the Fomorians of the Celic myths are equivalent to the "arctic" people mentioned in the Bock Saga. They are clearly a seashore people of the far northern regions, and they stretch back into prehistory.

Felice Vinci has very little support among people who speak English. As evidence, let me submit this Google search for info about his ideas. http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&ie=ISO-8859-1&q=%22felice+vince%22&btnG=Search

However, I want to follow up your suggestion that Leto (the Greek goddess of childbirth) was connected to ancient Britain, as suggested by Felice Vinci.

The corresponding Celtic childbirth deity was the Fomorian princess named Aithne or Eithne. This princess was transferred to (and/or imprisoned in) the celestial crystal palace known as the celestial North Pole.

A Celtic hero rescued her from her prison in the sky, and eventually she gave birth to the Celtic sun god named Lugh. http://www.tartanplace.com/faery/goddess/eithne.html

I find this especially interesting because it parallels the Egyptian myths in which the Egyptian Goddess Neith gives birth to the sun god Ra. And the priesthood of Neith (via Solon, Critias, Plato, etc) is the primary source of the Atlantis story.

Evidently Aithne, Athena, and Neith are interrelated, in some tangled mythical connections. (But the greek Athena never gave birth to the sun, so perhaps the Atlantis story lost some of its subtlety when it was transferred from Egyptian to Greek language.)

I think you will be interested in the post I made today under dhill's topic about "Atlantis in the Atlantic".

Following the same logic which I proposed to dhill, it seems that if the North Pole would shift 0.03 degrees (or more) toward the Gettysburg Seamount, then the Gettysburg Seamount would be ABOVE SEA LEVEL. (And likewize for anytime in the past.)

This principle could help to explain the concept of an Atlantis which sank below the waves at some time in the past.